Why the need for a Nurse Practitioner Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Why the need for a Nurse Practitioner - Essay Example They are required by patients to carry out the tasks of daily administration of medicines and also to be looked after during the time they are in hospital. The nurse practitioner has also become necessary on private basis for those recuperating at home. Nurses have to attend to people of all age groups. The lives of patients depend on the way the nurse administers to their requirements. Normally, doctors diagnose and prescribe medicines. It is the nurses who attend to the actual requirements of administering medicines and looking after the patients. Nurses are also involved in the field of research and help in augmenting new medical treatments for various diseases. They are often involved in collaborating with physicians and other health professionals as required. They counsel and educate patients on health behavior and self-care. They prescribe physical therapy and other rehabilitative treatments. And they carry out numerous other tasks involving medical care. The nature and scope of nurse practitioners is dependent on the context in which she is authorized to practice. They are general nurses and specialized nurses. The role of each is unique and confers knowledge and legitimate recognition in clinical practice. The role of a nurse is developed through access to service and his/her outcome of the patients' treatment.

Organizational Performance Management Table Essay Example for Free

Organizational Performance Management Table Essay After you have completed your individual research on your chosen type of health care organization, collaborate with your Learning Team to complete this table. Then, refer to this table as you collaborate to write your paper. Include this table as an appendix to your paper. Fill in the necessary information in each cell, but be as succinct as possible. 1. Provide names of or links to specific organizations. Summarize key products or services provided by each type of organization and identify the primary customers they serve. Organization One Organization Two Organization Three http://www.fda.gov/ U.S. Food and Drug Administration 2. Outline the overall content of the major regulations, accreditation requirements, and other standards that affect each organization. Provide the title, section, parts, or subparts or the numbering system and so on of the specific regulations or accreditation requirements. For example: Use of electronic signatures in electronic medical records is equivalent to handwritten signatures on paper; FDA regulation; Title 21 CFR Part 11, Subpart C, Â § 11.200 Electronic Signature: http://www.accessdata.fda.gov/scripts/cdrh/cfdocs/cfcfr/cfrsearch.cfm?cfrpart=11 Organization One Organization Two Organization Three Food and Drug Administration Safety and Innovation Act (FDASIA) Because of their importance, an agency’s rulemaking plans are of great interest to a wide range to stakeholders. Therefore, the Federal Government publishes a semi-annual agenda of upcoming regulations in the Federal Register, usually in the Spring and Fall. As part of FDA’s Transparency Initiative and FDA Transparency Results Accountability Credibility Knowledge Sharing (TRACK), we are also providing periodic updates on FDA’s Unified Agenda rulemakings. On the Unified Agenda-TRACK Web page, we will maintain an updated agenda of FDA’s Unified Agenda rulemakings. 3. Highlight the effect of each organization’s regulations, accreditation requirements, and other standards on the risk- and quality-management functions and activities. Organization One Organization Two Organization Three The scope of FDA’s regulatory authority is very broad. FDAs responsibilities are closely related to those of several other government agencies. Often frustrating and confusing for consumers is determining the appropriate regulatory agency to contact. The following is a list of traditionally-recognized product categories that fall under FDA’s regulatory jurisdiction; however, this is not an exhaustive list. In general, FDA regulates: Foods, including: dietary supplements bottled water food additives infant formulas other food products (although the U.S. Department of Agriculture plays a lead role in regulating aspects of some meat, poultry, and egg products) Drugs, including: prescription drugs (both brand-name and generic) non-prescription (over-the-counter) drugs Biologics, including: vaccines blood and blood products cellular and gene therapy products tissue and tissue products allergenics Medical Devices, including: simple items like tongue depressors and bedpans complex technologies such as heart pacemakers dental devices surgical implants and prosthetics Electronic Products that give off radiation, including: microwave ovens x-ray equipment laser products ultrasonic therapy equipment mercury vapor lamps sunlamps Cosmetics, including: color additives found in makeup and other personal care products skin moisturizers and cleansers nail polish and perfume Veterinary Products, including: livestock feeds pet foods veterinary drugs and devices Tobacco Products, including: cigarettes cigarette tobacco roll-your-own tobacco smokeless tobacco 4. Specify components of performance-management systems—policies and procedures, self-audits, benchmarking, complaint management, corrective or preventive action, education and training, communication, and other mechanisms—to be used by each organization. Organization One Organization Two Organization Three Risk communication staff: Our Risk Communication Staffs objective is to assess and enhance FDAs approaches to effectively communicate the risks and benefits of using FDA-regulated products. This includes providing leadership in identifying, developing, conducting and promoting cross-cutting research, promoting understandable communication, and finding ways to improve the consistency and effectiveness of our communication approaches. This program also directs the activities of FDAs Risk Communication Advisory Committee, which was established: to advise on strategies and programs to communicate the risks and benefits of FDA-regulated products so as to facilitate optimal use; to review and evaluate FDAs and others research relevant to such communication; and to facilitate interactively sharing risk and benefit information with the public to help people make informed independent judgments about use of FDA-regulated products. Our major functions include: Coordinating development of agency policies on risk communication practices. Coordinating agency strategic planning activities concerning risk communications. Coordinating agency research agenda for risk communication methods. Facilitating development and sharing of risk communication best practices and standard operating procedures. Conducting risk communications research on methodological and cross-cutting issues. Leading management and coordination of the FDA Risk Communication Advisory Committee. Staffing and co-leading FDA’s Communications Council 5. Provide links to any relevant sources that will be useful as your Learning Team completes the paper. Organization One Organization Two Organization Three Fda.gov

Defining a True Photographic Essay -- Photography Photograph Essays

The â€Å"True† Photographic Essay We live in a world bombarded by photographs. Whether it is advertisements, news, art, fashion, or propaganda, photographs are widely considered the most powerful form of representation. However, not all collections of photographs can be given the title of a â€Å"true† photographic essay. Even visual rhetoric theorists stipulate various requisites for this name. So then†¦what is a â€Å"true† photographic essay? To rightfully earn this title, the photos need to be accompanied by a text. But not just any text. Photo theorist W.J.T. Mitchell agrees with writer James Agee that co-equality is a central formal requirement for the photographic essay (290). The first requirement for the true photo-essay is that there needs to be a â€Å"balance† between the text and the visual in power, reference, and layout design. In terms of power, neither the text nor the visual can dominate the other. For example, an effective photographic essay would not be a combination of photos taken by Dorothea Lange with a text written by a junior high school student. Dorothea Lange’s professionalism, developed through a process of technical education, hands-on experience, and multifaceted influences, drastically exceeds the writings of a young student, whose only technical education has been a Keyboarding class, whose hands-on experiences have been the English teacher’s book reports, and whos e multifaceted influences have been the pressures of his adolescent cohorts. Although this example is a rather extreme case, it is used to explain that if either the text or the visual overpowers the other, the imbalance denies it the title of a â€Å"true† photographic essay. Moreover, the same is true when speaking of reference. In several b... ...hat the text can do that the visual could never do, and vice versa, but their collaboration stimulate question and interpretation, creating a dialogue in the viewer’s mind. There is power in the union of the text and the visual. Nonetheless, we live in a high-speed, technological age where time equals money, and taking the time to read is expensive. So we must adapt. For photo-essays to be effective in the contemporary world, the text and the visual have to balance power, reference, and design. They have to be able to stand independently, and at the end collaborate in perfect synergy to create the â€Å"true† photographic essay. Works Cited Blakesley, David, Collin Brooke. â€Å"Visual Rhetoric.† Enculturation 3:2 (2001): 2-4. Mitchell, W.J. Thomas. Picture Theory: Essays on Verbal and Visual Representation. Chicago: The University of Chicago Press, 1994.

Micheal Dransfield :: essays research papers

Michael Dransfield: A poet you can feel, but never truly understand.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  During a time of great change, both ideally and physically, in Australian history, a young man by the name of Michael Dransfield made his presence known in the highly evolving scene of poetry. Dransfield was an eccentric character, to say the least, and was recognized for his masterful ability of truly capturing the essence of many of life’s situations. Regardless of the â€Å"heaviness† or the difficulties of the subject matter being portrayed throughout his poetry, Dransfield was mentally equipped to fully encompass any life experience and dawn light on some of its â€Å"eternal truths† in the world. Although he tragically died of a heroin overdose in 1973 (he was 24 years old), Dransfield made a lasting impression on Australian poetry; never to be forgotten and to be forever considered â€Å"one of the foremost poets of the ’68 generation of counter-cultural dreamers† (Chan, 2002).   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Throughout his brief existence on this earth, Dransfield was able to produce an extensive body of work that ranged from the human act of â€Å"loving† to the dreadful experience of having a drug overdose. His work is â€Å"framed within the literary construct of the ‘Generation of ’68’† because it undeniably challenged the â€Å"literary status quo† during that period of time, and he â€Å"overwhelmed it with sheer talent† (Kinsella, 2002). Dransfield was innovative, unique, and was seen as somewhat a â€Å"global poet, and something of a prophet† (Kinsella, 2002). He existed during a time where poets were more inclined to avoid any mention of what they really did ( in the drug using sense), taking refuge in the socially accepted subject of football, rather than confronting the challenges associated with drug use. Dransfield had no such inhibitions, he was the â€Å"quintessential drug poet† in Australi an literary history, and it was through his drug usage—both the beauty and the destruction of it—that Dransfield was able to fully let his talent and generosity shine for all to see. He blazed the new trails for all those that were to follow him, and successfully created a place for the â€Å"authentic experience† in the realm of poetry.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  It is a shame that it took such a personal tragedy â€Å"for [Dransfield] to engage so definitively with the experience of addiction†¦in such an astonishingly short time† (Armand, 1997). His work can only be marveled at and admired for its â€Å"richly cosmopolitan tone, its urgent sense of possibility, its sheer ‘cannibal energy’, and its persistent attempt to resolve difficult emotional problems† (Armand, 1997).

Impact of Byod (Bring Your Own Device)

Impact of BYOD (Bring Your Own Device) on Enterprise Mobility: What is Enterprise Mobility? Definition: To put in simple words Enterprise Mobility (EM) is the technology that enables organizations to allow its employees to access the Enterprise data (such as company reports and presentations) and enterprise applications (such as CRM, SFA, emails, calendar, project management etc. via mobile phones or tablets from anywhere at any time. Giving them more flexibility at work, it allows employees to download company real time data, access and updates enterprise applications, participates in virtual meetings and teleconferences from anywhere, any time. End result of which is increased productivity of work force for the company and better service output for the customer. Rational for EM adoption and benefits?The growing number of mobile user base, availability of sophisticated smart phones, improved telecommunication infrastructure and fast adoption of mobile technology by employees/consume rs [35% of the employees globally are estimated to be mobile by 2013 (Satagopan and Mathai 2011)] all these factors together are setting up a stage for growth in EM adaption in near future [â€Å"EM market is expected to grow from  $67. 21 billion  in 2011 to$181. 9 Billion  by 2017 with a CAGR of 15. 17%† (MarketsandMarkets 2012)]. The CoIT (consumerzation on IT) has opened the door to the possibility of using the consumer mobile technology for enterprise purpose and the benefits of EM to an organization are tremendous. The most important benefits of effective EM strategy to any organization are; * Fast information flow: The EM can facilitate supersonic flow of the information within the organization.It can open various communication channels that can facilitate fast flow of information between the employs and between various departments of the company empowering the decision making process within the organization. Ability to share a real time data/ information with em ployees and fast decision making process can mean more efficient service output and opportunity to provide best customer care in the industry. Flexibility and comfort: The successful implementation of EM strategy will also provide work flexibility and comfort to the employees; resulting in the better work culture that companies can further promote to acquire and retain the best talent in the industry. In nut shell the EM strategy is win-win situation for both the employees and the organization. The successful EM strategy implementation holds a key for an organization to achieve the competitive advantage over its competitors and to become proactive to the environmental change.Barrier to the successful EM adoption: The cost associated with the corporate use licenses, purchase and maintenance of mobile devices is the biggest barriers for successful EM adoption. Depending up on the size and the number of employees of the company the cost of purchase and maintenance of the mobile devices could vary form an organization to organization, however it still could be a significant amount for a management of any organization to not to decide to walk on EM path.Could BYOD (Bring Your Own Device) be the solution to overcome the Barrier to EM adoption? What is BYOD (Bring Your Own Device)? Bring Your Own Device (BYOD) is trend where people who love there I phone, I pad or other smart devices wants to bring them to work for various reasons And the enterprises allow (with Caveat) the use of such personal devices at work.The reasons why people want to bring/use their devices at work may include (but not limited to): * Comfort: Rather than learning to operate new device (provided by employer) employees feel it’s easier and comfortable for them to use their own devices at work [53% of the employees use their mobile devices for work (Gillett F and et al. 2012)]. * Changing work pattern and work schedule: work places are becoming more and more competitive.Cut throat competit ion at work means no excusive (even if they are genuine) and working out of hours, on weekends and from home which would require use of both company and personal devices such as home pc. * Social media sharing and Constant desire to be connected with friends: no one has survived the social media wave and almost every one (just a figurative statement) today has profile on some social media site and want constantly to be in touch with friends and relatives [68% employees and 71% prospective employees want to access social media at work (CISCO 2011)]. Multitasking: The trend of multitasking has picked up in a recent few years. To make the work environment more attractive and friendly the work restrictions are becoming weak and activities such as listening to music, messenger chat, online gaming are the common activities that employees want to do alongside their duties. * Brand loyalty: more and more consumers are becoming brand loyal and would not typically like to work on a device man ufactured by other company [apple received 2 million orders in the first 24 hours of the new phone launch. Times of India 2012)]. Allowing employees to bring and use their personal devices at work provides number of benefits to the company (some are discussed below). However along with the benefits BYOD often brings enterprise data security concerns. This skepticism about data security and some of the other fall back of the BYOD concept (discussed below in the report) are the reasons why despite the tremendous benefits BYOD can bring to the organization the company managements are very cautious about the BYOD model and not fully convinced to adopt/accept it.Incentive for an organization for adopting BYOD policy: In addition to the benefits of EM strategy that we have discussed earlier in this article, the most important incentive/benefit the BYOD model can provide to a company is the significant cost saving. As the devices used by the employees are owned by themselves the cost of pu rchase, insurance, maintenance, upgrade and ongoing support are paid by employees. That can save the huge cost which otherwise the company would have to bear.The other significant benefit to the company is the IT work force can focus more on supporting the IT requirements of the organization rather than purchasing and implementing the devices (Information service group 2012). Down falls of BYOD The most important downfall of the BYOD model is data security concern. In the event of the device loss the enterprise sensitive data can get exposed if the device falls in to wrong hand. Though the companies can wipe any such data from the device using remote wipe or lock down the device still such incidence (which are very common to occur) can expose the organization to the significant amount of risk.The other down fall of the model is as the employer has no choice on the make or the company/brand of device that an employee can bring to work. The IT department will have to support the devic es simultaneously which are running of various platforms such as iOS and Android and that could be daunting task for IT personnel. The most important argument that advocates the use of BYOD model is that it can save huge cost of buying and maintaining the device however the stipend or reimbursement towards the service plan used by the employees can increase the company cost in many folds than the coast of acquiring and maintaining the devices.Conclusion: In nut shell, the EM and BYOD concept are evolving concepts. Though the environmental factors and market trends suggest that the EM and BYOD will shape the future of the businesses and will change the way business operate today. It would not be wrong to predict that these concepts will take their fair share of time to evolve as mature concepts before business can accept them with eyes shut. References: 1. CISCO 2011, The Cisco Connected World Technology Report, Cisco Company. 2. CISCO 2011, The New Work Place Currency Report, Cisco Company. 3.Gillett, F, Mines,C Warner,J, Bartels,A, Schadler,T Yates,S, Sehgal,V, Huynh,S, Yamnitsky, M 2012 Forrester reserch 2012, NFO WORKERS WILL ERASE THE BOUNDARY BETWEEN ENTERPRISE AND CONSUMER TECHNOLOGIES – A BT Futures Report,Forrester reserch. 4. Information service group 2012 Bring Your Own Device [PowerPoint slides]. Reterived fromhttp://www. slideshare. net/slideshow/embed_code/14265374? rel=0 5. MarketsandMarkets 2012, Bring-your-own-device (BYOD), Consumerimization of IT (Co-IT) and Enterprise Mobility Market – Global Advancements, Business Models, Market Forecasts & Analysis (2012 – 2017), MarketsandMarkets Company Pune. . Satagopan, M and Mathai,P 2011, Ringing in change, Facts of mobile technology adoption in manufacturing, Wipro Councile for research. 7. Times of India 2012, iPhone 5: Apple pushes delivery time to October Sep. 12 2012 Times of India Bibliography : 1. Bridge soft inc 2011, What is Enterprise Mobility? Bridge soft inc, 19/09/20 12, http://www. brigadesoft. com/what-is-enterprise-mobility 2. Darragh Delaney 2012 Implementing a BYOD policy on your network, Computer World, 19/08/2012 http://blogs. computerworld. com/20227/implementing_a_byod_policy_on_your_network 3.Das K, 2012, Bring your own device bugs IT companies despite ban, The Times of India Indore, 9/09/2012 http://articles. timesofindia. indiatimes. com/2012-06-17/indore/32281223_1_device-personal-laptops-security-concerns 4. Malcom Harkins 2011 BYOD: Manage the Risks Intel's CISO on How to Reap the Benefits of Mobility, Govinfo Secutiry 19/09/2012 http://www. library. uq. edu. au/training/citation/harvard_6. pdf 5. Phil Johnson 2012 BYOD from the employee's POV BYOD for the employee has lots of benefits – and drawback, IT world 19/09/2012 http://www. tworld. com/it-consumerization/291968/byod-employees-pov 6. PHILIPPE WINTHROP 2012, CONFUSED ABOUT BYOD? IT’S NOT YOUR FAULT, the Enterprise Mobility Foundation, Inc, 19/09/2012, http://t heemf. org/2012/03/30/confused-about-byod-its-not-your-fault/ 7. PHILIPPE WINTHROP 2012, COULD THERE BE A BETTER WAY TO COPE WITH BYOD IN THE ENTERPRISE? , The Enterprise Mobility Foundation, Inc, 19/09/2012,http://theemf. org/2012/02/13/could-there-be-a-better-way-to-cope-with-byod-in-the-enterprise/ 8.PHILIPPE WINTHROP 2012, UNDERSTANDING THE DIFFERENCE BETWEEN MOBILE DEVICE MANAGEMENT AND MOBILITY MANAGEMENT, the Enterprise Mobility Foundation, Inc, 19/09/2012, http://theemf. org/2012/02/23/understanding-the-difference-between-mobile-device-management-and-mobility-management/ 9. PHILIPPE WINTHROP 2012, UNDERSTANDING THE DIFFERENCE BETWEEN THE CONSUMERIZATION OF IT AND BYOD, the Enterprise Mobility Foundation, Inc, 19/09/2012, http://theemf. org/2012/02/09/understanding-the-difference-between-the-consumerization-of-it-and-byod/ 10.Shashidahr J, 2012, Work shifts to ‘Bring your own device' culture, The Times of India, 9/09/2012 http://timesofindia. indiatimes. com/business/in dia-business/Work-shifts-to-Bring-your-own-device-culture/articleshow/16444032. cms 11. Singh S, 2012, ‘Bring Your Own Device' is most radical shift in enterprise computing since the introduction of the PC: Gartner, The Economics Times, 9/09/2012 http://articles. economictimes. indiatimes. com/2012-08-28/news/33450634_1_byod-mobile-devices-enterprise-applications 12. Stefanie Mosca 2011 What is

Audre Lorde †The Defragmented Form

Audre Lorde – The Defragmented Form Free Online Research Papers It was Audre Lorde who gave birth to the idea of the erotic as power. She embraces it to be the passion, joy and connection within us all. Lorde distinguishes this power from the mere sensations involved in pornography, which represents the oppression of true feelings. She so boldly proclaims that, â€Å"We have been warned against it all of our lives by the male world, which values this depth of feeling enough to keep women around in order to exercise it in the service of men, but which fears this same depth too much to examine the possibilities of it within themselves† (537). And it is because of this fear, she continues, â€Å"The erotic has often been misnamed by men and used against women . It has been made into the confused, the trivial, the psychotic, the plasticized sensation.† What women of the feminist art movement are left with is the question of how to reclaim the erotic – their essence- through art. Kiki Smith has taken a vulnerable approach to reclaiming her body from society and in turn the erotic within herself. Through bold experimentation, she used her art to explore the wonders of the human body. By separating the body from its spirit, Smith strove to universalize the human experience through the depiction of the female form, thereby challenging the long tradition of male artists’ exploitation of the female body as a pornographic subject. Women in society are expected to be free of bodily functions. There is a lot of effort put in by woman to strip away any clues that they have human bodies. Smith personalizes, â€Å"I know, in my life, I feel oppressed a great deal by all these ideologies I’ve either internalized in my own psyche or am politically and socially confronted with every day† (McCormick). I an effort to battle this baggage she carried, Kiki began to explore the body and its natural function through a diversity of mediums. Her first piece was a latex hand covered in algae floating in a glass jar. This touches on the transient quality of the human body. Possibly, she was motivated by her father’s recent death at the time to express her contemplation of mortality. It was her father, famous minimalist sculptor Tony Smith, who infused her early years with art. I find it interesting that his death was the catalyst for her career as an artist. In an exhibit of Smith’s in New York’s Whitney Museum, an onlooker was bombarded with the workings of the body. Glass jars stood empty, each labeled with the fluid it was meant to hold: urine, sweat, semen, saliva, mucus, milk. On a pedestal nearby sat folded what looked to be flayed skin. A rib cage hung on the wall near sets of internal organs (Cotter). The beauty of this exhibit is that this wasn’t just â€Å"shock art†. I forced the viewer to question why they were so shocked by the inner workings of their own body. Her work is a comment on how detached we are from our own body. The pieces that I found most poetic were a set of three female figures. â€Å"Pee Body† was a form squatting with yellow beads flow out from her crotch, while â€Å"Train† displayed a proud figure standing tall with multiple strands of blood-red beads cascaded to the floor. The works are complimented by a crawling body of beeswax followed by what is meant to depict a ribbon of feces. I am so captivated by these three sculptures because undoubtedly the masses were completely repulsed by them. Why? Because society has drilled into us that these qualities that solidify us as humans rank up as the greatest of taboos. To be human would be to be equal and that just does match up with what we are taught. I believe her works to be successful at blowing these myths right out of the water. By invoking such revulsion in her audience, she is in effect shaking up the historical ideologies that thread through time. Smith is then empowering herself and others to shift their ideas of the female form and separate the content from the context. One of the most powerful illustrations of this persistence to evoke is her piece entitled â€Å"Virgin Mary†. Here stands a woman vulnerable, fragile and stripped of her skin, revealing the musculature beneath. This sculpture demystifies the icon of Mother Mary, leaving her an exposed human for all to dissect. The materials used in Smith’s work conveys just as much as the subject it describes. Her choices in medium resemble that of Eva Hesse. Hesse was known for using wax and rubber to attribute human qualities into her work. In effect, breathing life into her work. Not as minimalistic as Hesse, Smith experiments with an array of mediums into her work: metal, plaster, glass, beeswax, cotton, cardboard and the list continues to grow with each piece. When she first began her work, she was told that no one would take her seriously because she used â€Å"girl materials†. Her response was, â€Å"Okay, fuck you, I’m going to make everything really indestructible and you can’t take it away from me. You can say it’s shit, but at least you can’t say it’s shit because it’s going to self-destruct† (McCormick). She attempted to work with bronze and other sturdy materials, but eventually went back to more fragile materials. I think the latter choice in materials is profound when used with images of the body because the body itself is so frail and destructible. Her use of more temporary substances brings back the separation between form and matter, body and spirit. Within the negative spaces lies what Audre Lorde was referring to as the erotic. Another female artist that used art to process her relationship to her body was Frida Kahlo. Throughout her life, Frida suffered many illnesses and injuries and it seemed that her body had turned on her. Similar to Smith, Kahlo became an artist as a result of the imminent failure of the body. After a nearly fatal accident, a bedridden Kahlo began to paint. She employed the paint and canvas as an outlet to her pain. This pain, both physical and emotional, lasted a lifetime. Like Smith, her work was laced with blood and tears. Her paintings are a bit more autobiographical than Kiki’s because they are mostly self -portraits. Kahlo declares, â€Å"I paint myself because I am often alone and I am the subject I know best† (Herrara 181). I do speculate that these paintings helped her to make the distinction between herself and her body. In 1944, she painted â€Å"La Columna Rota† (The Broken Column) whch depicts a weeping Kahlo with a bound, broken body held up with a roman column as her spine. The image is disturbing and possibly not what those around her wished to see. But this was her truth, her human experience. By painting this she is able to somewhat separate herself from the physical pain she had experienced. Both artists force the viewer to experience the unpleasant. They beg of the audience to face and accept the fragility and vulnerability of life. Kiki did eventually engage in self-portraiture when she explored printmaking. She clarifies, â€Å"†¦I’m starting to use myself. Maybe because prints are this other world- they’re a secret entrance into using myself as a subject†¦ I’ve been much more self revealing in doing prints† (â€Å"Kiki†). Smith uses her own image to delve into the various kinds of printmaking. One of the most experimental was â€Å"Blue Lake† in which she flattened a three dimensional picture of herself onto a large piece of paper, constructing what looked to b e the image of a flayed body. Once again, Kiki used her art to segregate herself from her body. It is as if she has actually peeled her skin off to reveal what exists beneath. Kahlo deals with the piercing of the skin her piece entitled â€Å"Unos Cuantos Piquetitos† (a few small nips) where a dead woman lies on the hospital bed covered in cuts surrounded by blood. It is not just the similar concepts that move me to compare these two artists. In some works, I have found strikingly mimicked imagery and subject matter. Both have produced images of milking breast. Freda herself is being nursed by a solid woman that appears to be donning a primitive mask in â€Å"My nurse and I†. Smith’s â€Å"Untitled: (pink bosoms)† is a series of prints inspired by the myth of a goddess who spurts her milk to produce the Milky Way (â€Å"Kiki†). The series consists of simple images of breasts printed on magenta paper embellished with animated burst of milk. Both women have delivered works that emphasize the production of milk from within the ducts which focuses on a function that may be overlooked and underappreciated. These pieces address the themes of female nourishment and regeneration. One could even argue that it was art that had replaced the â€Å"milk† in their lives. The most fascinating connections between the art created by both Kahlo and Smith is the way Smith pulled two powerful images of Kahlo’s into one bold sculpture. Whether she did this purposefully or not, the similarities are eerie. In â€Å"The Little Deer†, Kahlo portrays herself as having the body of a deer that has been wounded by spears, once again using flawed object to refer to her injuries and brittle body. However in â€Å"My birth† Kahlo addresses her own birth and the loss of her many miscarriages. In this painting she is using the body to illustrate, â€Å"The one who gave birth to herself†¦ who wrote the most wonderful poem of her life† (Herrera). Smith has since then brought into being a sculpture that is a culmination of both of Frida’s works. â€Å"Born† is the life-size depiction of a small deer giving birth to a woman. Smith contributes that, â€Å"†¦making stuff about art is about the fact that one is born one self rather than that one is a capable breeder. Everyone is born. That’s how you get here, and it’s also something that you have to keep on repeating over and over again to make your life vital- to be like a phoenix, to make new, or renew, your life existence† (McCormick). â€Å"Pink bosoms† was not Smith’s only piece that addresses mythology. â€Å"Rapture† is a sculpture of Little Red Riding Hood stepping confidently out of the wolf’s gut. This brings us back to the notion of reclaiming ourselves from the bowels of society’s expectations and ideologies. There were other incidents where she dealt with mythological heroines, such as Alice in Wonderland. Kahlo also incorporated the Mexican mythological monkey into her several of her paintings. In â€Å"Self-Portrait with Monkey, she uses the monkey with a red ribbon wound around her neck to symbolize the metaphorical ties between herself and her pet. Smith also investigated this connection in â€Å"Lucy’s Daughters†. Our history’s first female heroine, Lucy, was a pre-historic hominid whose 3 million year old skeleton was found in Ethiopia (â€Å"Kiki†). This installation consists of sixty screen printed cotton female figures standing in the corner of a room. She used the structure of a inverted pyramid to resemble a family tree. A tree that began with one woman and represents an unbroken feminine chain from even before humankind (Haber). Today I stand as a member in that chain. The women artists before me have made valient attempts to strip themselves of the pornographic and renew the erotic. They have made audacious statements and allowed themselves to be vulnerable in order to expose the false ideologies that society has put on us in the name of femininity. They understood, as I understand, that the feminine- the erotic- exists in everyone. We all have bodies. These woman challenge themselves and their audience to ask one question. When stripped our fragile, ephemeral shell – when the body’s value is reduced to its functionality- what is it that lies beneath? Research Papers on Audre Lorde - The Defragmented FormHip-Hop is ArtAnalysis Of A Cosmetics AdvertisementThe Masque of the Red Death Room meaningsTrailblazing by Eric AndersonThe Spring and Autumn19 Century Society: A Deeply Divided EraWhere Wild and West MeetMarketing of Lifeboy Soap A Unilever ProductPersonal Experience with Teen PregnancyMind Travel

Energy Disruption Causes and Effects of the Fukushima Nuclear Reactors Leak of

Energy Disruption Causes and Effects of the Fukushima Nuclear Reactors Leak of The Fukushima nuclear disaster that occurred in March, 2011in Japan as the result of the earthquake and tsunami led to a number of the serious problems and energy disruption. The 9.0 magnitude earthquake and tsunami hit the country, becoming the worst catastrophe since the World War II.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Energy Disruption: Causes and Effects of the Fukushima Nuclear Reactors Leak of specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The public reaction on this event was expectedly sharp. While many people suppose that Fukushima could become the second Chernobyl, the scientists say about the existence of possible instruments that could prevent such situations. Today, the scientific researches provide the various technical instruments that could help preventing such disasters. Ness says about an inadequate security in the nuclear sector. As the U.S. National Academy of Engineering indicates the electrification as the most valuable achievement of the XX century, the lack of security services in this area is a very dangerous issue (Ness, 2006, p. 1). The most common instruments of the earthquakes prediction are seismographs that help scientists to see the smallest oscillations, measuring the frequency and amplitude of the waves. Certain kind of weather can be considered as a precondition for earthquake such as flashing lights and fireballs. However, many geologists say about the impossibility of the correlation between weather and earthquake. Modern technologies such as a high precision GPS, laser scanning machines and synthetic aperture radar can measure the oscillations in the ground. The industrial control system provides the computer monitoring of infrastructure. It is a part of supervisory control and data acquisition (SCADA). This system tracks the various facilities such as Remote Terminal Units (RTUs) and programmable Logic Controllers (PLCs) that help measuring the various conditions and param eters, using the several types of sensors. SCADA is a significant part of the security system. The nuclear power protection is a complicated issue that requires the establishment of the modern infrastructure such as the nuclear regulatory body (â€Å"Basic Infrastructure for a Nuclear Power Project†, 2006). It is highly important to provide an adequate supply of the cooling water to the reactor core in order to remove the heat.Advertising Looking for essay on environmental studies? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More In case of Fukushima this technical characteristic was far from the level required. Although the disaster that occurred in Japan is based on the natural catastrophe and could not be prevented as well as the disaster based on the human carelessness or lack of modern technologies, the instruments of prevention should be developed more carefully. The consequences of this disaster led to the spreading of radiation around the world, including the United States, Canada, Russia and Europe. The large cloud of the radioactive elements spread under the Pacific Ocean. The public reaction to the situation demonstrates a perturbation of the world community about the problem of nuclear safety. Many countries provide re-evaluation of the national nuclear programs and reduction of the power plants. In a response of the disaster, the leader of German engineering Siemens emphasized the importance of reduction of building of the nuclear power plants around the world. The consequences of the disaster in Japan led to the mass protests against a production of the nuclear energy in several countries such as Germany and France. It was expected that the stock markets demonstrated the sharp reaction and the Japanese energy companies faced with the reduction of the bonds’ value. International Atomic Energy Agency and the World Meteorological Organization expressed the concern about the disaster and offer to provide more strict methods of prevention. Fukushima as the one of the largest nuclear power stations in the world has the modern technologies. However, there are some issues in our life that cannot be predicted. Nevertheless, the nuclear security and safety is one of the most important questions in the society that have to be considered as the most valuable area for the financial invitations. The use of modern technical instruments can help preventing a number of problems. Therefore, this question should not be neglected by the world governments. Reference List Basic Infrastructure for a Nuclear Power Project. (2006). International Atomic Energy Agency. Retrieved from https://www-pub.iaea.org/mtcd/publications/pdf/te_1513_web.pdfAdvertising We will write a custom essay sample on Energy Disruption: Causes and Effects of the Fukushima Nuclear Reactors Leak of specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Ness, L. (2006). Security Utility and Energy Infrastructures (1st Ed.). US: Wiley and Sons Publication.

Earths Bigger, Older Planetary Cousin

Earth's Bigger, Older Planetary Cousin Ever since astronomers first began searching out planets around other stars, theyve found thousands of planet candidates and confirmed more than a thousand as actual worlds. There could be billions of worlds out there. The tools of the search are ground-based telescopes, the Kepler Telescope, Hubble Space Telescope, and others. The idea is to look for planets by watching for slight dips in the light of a star as the planet passes in its orbit between us and the star. This is called the  transit method because it requires that a planet transit the face of the star. Another way to find planets is to look for tiny shifts in the stars motion that are caused by a planets orbit. Detecting planets directly is very difficult because stars are quite bright and planets can get lost in the glare.   Finding other Worlds The first exoplanet (a world circling other stars) was discovered in 1995. Since then, the rate of discovery grew as astronomers launched spacecraft to look for distant worlds. One fascinating world that theyve found is called Kepler-452b. It circles a star similar to the Sun (a G2  star type) that lies about 1,400 light-years from us in the direction of the constellation Cygnus. It was found by the Kepler telescope, along with 11 more planet candidates orbiting in the habitable zones of their stars. To determine the planets properties, astronomers conducted observations at ground-based observatories. Their data confirmed the planetary nature of Kepler-452b, refined the size and brightness of its host star, and pinned down the size of the planet and its orbit Kepler-452b was the first near-Earth-sized world found, and it orbits its star in the so-called habitable zone. Thats a region around a star where liquid water could exist on the surface of a planet.  It is the smallest planet ever found in a habitable zone. Others have been larger worlds, so the fact that this one is closer to our own planets size means astronomers are close to finding Earth twins (in terms of size).   The discovery does NOT tell whether or not there IS water on the planet, or what the planet is made of (that is, whether it is a rocky body or a gas/ice giant). That information will come from further observations. Yet, this system does have some interesting similarities to Earth. Its orbit is 385 days, while ours is 365.25 days. Kepler-452b lies just five percent farther away from its star than Earth does from the Sun.  Ã‚   Kepler-452, the parent star of the system is 1.5 billion years older than the Sun (which is 4.5 billion years old). Its also a bit brighter than the Sun but has the same temperature. All these similarities help give astronomers a comparison point between this planetary system and our own Sun and planets as they seek to understand the formation and history of planetary systems. Ultimately, they want to know how many habitable worlds are out there.   About the Kepler Mission The Kepler space telescope (named for astronomer Johannes Kepler) was launched in 2009 on a mission to spy out planets around stars in a  region of the sky near the constellation Cygnus. It performed well until 2013 when NASA announced that failed flywheels (that keep the telescope pointed accurately) were failing. After some research and help from the scientific community, mission controllers devised a way to keep using the telescope, and its mission is now called K2 Second Light. It continues to search out planetary candidates, which are then re-observed to help astronomers determine the masses, orbits, and other characteristics of the possible worlds. Once Keplers planet candidates are studied in detail, they are confirmed as actual planets and added to the growing list of such exoplanets.

Bermuda Triangle Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Bermuda Triangle - Essay Example However, it was found later that many of the strange accidents were not so strange after all. Well Known Incidents Of Disappearances The mystery of the triangle probably took hold with the first publicized disappearance in 1945 when 5 Navy Avengers disappeared in the area. The myth gained momentum after reporter E.V.W. Jones compiled a list of â€Å"mysterious disappearances† of ships and planes between the Florida coast and Bermuda. As more incidents occurred, the reputation grew and past events were reanalyzed and added to the legend. In 1964, "Argosy Magazine" gave the triangle its name in an article titled "The Deadly Bermuda Triangle" by Vincent Gaddis. (Obringer â€Å"How the Bermuda Triangle Works†) List of some well known disappearances include: The U.S.S. Cyclops 1918 - The Cyclops was scheduled to sail to Brazil to refuel British ships in the south Atlantic. After setting out from Rio de Janeiro and a brief stop in Barbados the ship and its crew with 306 passe ngers were never heard of and gone without a trace. U.S Navy Avengers Flight 19, 1945 - 5 Navy Avengers in 1945 disappeared in Bermuda Triangle during a routine patrol. The cause of the disappearance was originally â€Å" pilot error†, but family members of the pilot leading the mission couldn’t accept that he had made such a mistake. ... (Obringer â€Å"How the Bermuda Triangle Works†) Myths on Bermuda Triangle UFOs, mystical rays from the sun to the lost Continent of Atlantis, giant sea monsters and supernatural beings are linked to the mysterious disappearances in the triangle. Other theories include the theory of Electronic Fog, Compass Variation theory. As per the electronic fog theory, there is sudden appearance of dense fog. Ships and aircraft get engulfed in some kind of electronic fog and the fog keeps moving along with the ship or the plane.   Eventually, all the electronic equipment and other instruments start malfunctioning and ships and airplanes either disintegrate or disappear without a trace. So far, all such incidents of electronic fog have been described as supernatural phenomena.  This is despite the fact that some of the real SOS calls quoting the strange fog, actually came from veteran and experienced pilots or coast guards. Due to lack of any scientific explanations, these have been tr eated as unreal tales.   The theory of compass variation was generated by the US coast guard to justify ships and planes getting lost in bermuda triangle (Bermuda-attractions.com). Normally a compass points toward magnetic north and not true geographic north. The difference between the two is known as compass variation. The amount of variation changes by as much as 20 degrees as one circumnavigates the earth. Every navigator factors in the compass variation while creating the navigation charts. Otherwise, even with a 1 degree difference, the ship or the plane can end up miles away from its target when it traverses a long distance. In bermuda triangle, the magnetic

Self Organizing Maps (SOM) Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2750 words

Self Organizing Maps (SOM) - Research Paper Example The performance of ANNs is better than that of traditional methods of problem solving. This enhances a comprehensive understanding of the human cognitive abilities. From the available learning algorithms and neural network architectures, the SOM forms the most popular SOM. They use data visualization techniques by Teuvo Kohonen to reduce data dimension using self-organizing neural networks. The data visualization problems attempt to handle problems that are beyond human visualization for high dimensional data. SOMs act as a non-parametric network containing combination of data spatialization and abstraction, hence used in visual clustering. SOM is among the most popular methods of neural networks for use in cluster analysis. This occurs due to topology preserving and self organizing nature for SOM. The SOMs act as abstract model for topographic mapping. Modeling and analysis of mapping enhance understanding of perception, encoding, recognition and processes received and beneficial to the machine-based recognition of the patterns SOM possess prominent visualization properties. Developed from the associative memory model, SOM uses unsupervised learning algorithm characterized by simple computational form and structure enhanced by the retina-cortex mapping. The self-organization nature act as a fundamental process of pattern recognition, and allows learning the intra- and inter-pattern relationships for the stimuli without potential bias. SOM may provide the topologically preserved mapping to all the output spaces from input. Though the computational form proves to be simple, most aspects related to the algorithm must be investigated (Zhang et al 2010, p. 6359). 2.0 Basic principles of SOM The Kohonen self-organizing map encompasses a neural network, and various characteristics similar to the working of the human brain. Basically, SOM avails some classificatory resources that are organized based on patterns available for classification. The single layer of the neu ral network consists of neurons within n-dimensional grid. The grids allow the definition for the neighborhoods in the output space rather than the input space. The input and output spaces constitute the main SOM. This can also be performed through the use of tools that map vectors within the input space to output the space that preserves topological relations in the output space (Yang et al 2012, p.1371). SOM use unsupervised competitive learning and attempts to conform to the available input data. The SOM nodes act as inputs and contain some principle SOM features. Topological relationship between inputs is preserved after mapping into the SOM network. This pragmatically represents the complex data. SOMs use vector quantization in data compression processes. The SOMs offer an appropriate means of representing the multi-dimensional data in the lower dimensional space using one or two dimensions. This enhances visualization and understanding of data in low dimensions. Therefore, SOM s facilitates manipulation of complex data, especially in visualization of large quantities of data in an

Bailey Corporation Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Bailey Corporation - Case Study Example Capital structure represents the proportion in which various long-term capital components are employed. The capital decisions have been recognized as the most important decisions affecting the successful working of any firm. This is due to the fact that the capital structure affects the cost of capital, net profit, earnings per share, dividends payout ratio and liquidity position of the firm. These variables coupled with a number of other factors determine the value of a firm. Therefore capital structure is a very important determinant of the value of a firm. There are different forms of financial securities offered by a company in order to secure the required funds from the investors. The most common method of raising long term finance is the issue of common stock. The common stocks of a corporation do not carry any special rights in terms of payment of dividend as compared to preferred stock. Preferred stocks carry a specific percentage of return on the investments by the preferred stock holders. In addition the preferred stock holders stand in priority to the common stock holders in getting a distribution of the assets of a corporation in the event of its winding up. In some instances the preferred stock holders also carry special voting rights as distinguished from the common stock holders. Convertible securities are bonds or preferred stocks that are convertible into a specified number of shares of common stock at the option of the stock holder. This is yet another of form financial security being offered by the corporations to secure the long term investment of the stock holders. The convertible security provides the convertible holder a fixed return in the form of interest or dividend and also the option to exchange a bond or preferred stock for common stock. Warrants and derivatives are a relatively long term option to purchase common stock at a specified exercise price over a specified period of time. Warrants are used to obtain a lower interest rate and to raise funds when the firm is considered as having a marginal credit risk. Warrants are also issued to compensate the underwriters and venture capitalists at the time of founding a company in return for their services or as commission payable to them. (Chapter 22) Bailey Corporation Case a) Number of Shares Outstanding 1,800,000 New shares Issued 800,000 Total Number of Shares 2,600,000 Retained Earnings $ 7,580,000 Earnings per Share after the Offering $ 2.92 (7,580,000/2,600,000) Assumed price earnings 12 Initial Price per share 12 * 2.92 $ 35.04 b) Total proceeds 800,000 * $ 35.04 $ 28,032,000 Less: Underwriting spread @ 5% $ 1,401,600 Less: Out of Pocket Expenses 300,000 Total Cost $ 1,701,600 Net Proceeds $ 26,330,400 c) Current Earnings $ 7,580,000 Number of original outstanding stock 1,800,000 EPS on original stock outstanding $ 4.21 ($ 7,580,000/1,800,000) Return needed for achieving

M4a2 TEAM DEV AND LEADERSHIP Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

M4a2 TEAM DEV AND LEADERSHIP - Essay Example nal connections built over time between the team members, therefore passionate debates regarding more critical issues associated with the task at hand were replaced with veiled or irrelevant discussion about social issues among group membership. This created, in itself, a secondary type of dysfunction referred to by many scholars in academia and leadership philosophy as lack of commitment. Why is this? Because individuals in the group did not consider the development of conflict as being vital to producing a basket of opinion, it did not provide the group with the foundations for quality and relevant ideas about cognitive dysfunction. The social connections within the group put members into the position where individuals would, to save their in-group status, avoid debatable topics that would have enhanced the discussion and improved cognitive mapping. According to Lencioni (2002) dysfunction is introduced into teams where there is a strong social connection and members will seek what is referred to as artificial harmony rather than worthwhile debate or discussion. Katzenbach and Smith (1992) support this notion, suggesting that the conventional wisdom among in-group members, or where there are powerful, previous social connections, is to avoid conflict in pursuit of harmonious discussion not necessarily relevant to the actual, productive construction of conflict. This avoids the ability to create workable, differing opinions that somewhat flatten the quality of discussion toward the main goal assigned to the group. If left unchecked, Field (2009) iterates that it will become increasingly difficult to establish a sense of purpose for the group. The team will become further more indecisive due to the desire to continue with in-group discussion more relevant to the social environment rather than academia. In order to overcome indecisiveness, lack of group clarity about goals, and fear of conflict, it would be pertinent for the group leader to actually inspire

GEOINT and Asia Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

GEOINT and Asia - Essay Example Such views include the state and its citizens, children and their parents, husband and wife, liberty and authority, hierarchy and equality as well as rights and responsibilities. These differences have existed for centuries and have at times threatened world peace (Fawn, 1999). The two regions also have a lot of differences regarding political ideologies as well as political regimes. These differences could be attributed to the increased levels of awareness between these civilizations, since this intensifies civilization consciousness. More and more people migrating from the Asian region receive increased receptivity and hostility from the western world. Studies reveal that the western world reacts more negatively to Asian investment in their countries than from other regions. When people from the two regions interact, their civilization-consciousness is enhanced, which further invigorates the animosities and differences, thus explaining why it stretches such a long way back in history (Huntington, 1997). The increasing economic regionalism can also be attributed to the differences between the two regions. Most countries in the western world prefer intraregional trade between themselves and this only enhances economic regionalism. This reinforces western Christianity as well as European culture in all aspects of trade, therefore isolating the Asian region because of its unique civilization. In this case, cultural differences between the two regions will hinder their economic integration (Doyle, 2009). Other issues causing differences between the western world and the Asian region range from immigration to human rights and the environment in general. The clash of these two civilizations could be said to be occurring at the macro-level. This means that they compete for economic power as well as relative military (Fawn, 1999). They also want to control third parties and international

M4a2 TEAM DEV AND LEADERSHIP Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

M4a2 TEAM DEV AND LEADERSHIP - Essay Example nal connections built over time between the team members, therefore passionate debates regarding more critical issues associated with the task at hand were replaced with veiled or irrelevant discussion about social issues among group membership. This created, in itself, a secondary type of dysfunction referred to by many scholars in academia and leadership philosophy as lack of commitment. Why is this? Because individuals in the group did not consider the development of conflict as being vital to producing a basket of opinion, it did not provide the group with the foundations for quality and relevant ideas about cognitive dysfunction. The social connections within the group put members into the position where individuals would, to save their in-group status, avoid debatable topics that would have enhanced the discussion and improved cognitive mapping. According to Lencioni (2002) dysfunction is introduced into teams where there is a strong social connection and members will seek what is referred to as artificial harmony rather than worthwhile debate or discussion. Katzenbach and Smith (1992) support this notion, suggesting that the conventional wisdom among in-group members, or where there are powerful, previous social connections, is to avoid conflict in pursuit of harmonious discussion not necessarily relevant to the actual, productive construction of conflict. This avoids the ability to create workable, differing opinions that somewhat flatten the quality of discussion toward the main goal assigned to the group. If left unchecked, Field (2009) iterates that it will become increasingly difficult to establish a sense of purpose for the group. The team will become further more indecisive due to the desire to continue with in-group discussion more relevant to the social environment rather than academia. In order to overcome indecisiveness, lack of group clarity about goals, and fear of conflict, it would be pertinent for the group leader to actually inspire

Technology management Blog Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Technology management Blog - Essay Example Money has a time value. This means the holder of the money has to make timely considerations when making financial decisions. This is used in our information technology sector. The information technology sector is a business and has to take into considerations the importance of making investment decisions. The time value of money is the fundamental mathematics that revolves around investing and it forms the basis of the financial calculations. Most significantly, it expounds on the concept of compound returns, which is the basic driving force of the investments growth overtime. There are several indicators of the time value of money. They include, net present value, present value, and future value. The present value is the current worth of future sum of money or cash inflows that are attained at a specific rate of return. Future cash flows are discounted at a certain discount rate. This means that the higher the discount rate, the lower the net present value of the future cash flows. The present value of an annuity is the sequence of equivalent payments that are paid at equal time intervals. An example of this is the lease and the rental payments made to house owners. Thirdly, there is the present value of perpetuity. This is an endless and a constant stream of identical cash flows. The last feature of time value of money is the future value. This is the future value of an asset or cash at a specified date that is to occur in the future that should be equal to the value of money at a specified sum now. This includes the future value of an annuity. This is the future value of a sequence of payments known as annuities that assumes the payments are invested at a given rate of interest (ROI). The importance of time value of money is that they provide an insight on the information on the risk of an investment. This helps the investor in being able to assess his business risks that faces him. Secondly, it provides a crude

A Personality Development Theory Applied in Choosing Career Essay Example for Free

A Personality Development Theory Applied in Choosing Career Essay This paper attempts to look at the Big Five, a personality development theory that is used in studying the dimension of one’s personality. The Big Five model is a product of empirical research and at present, the most accepted approach among psychologists in studying personality traits. 1 The five factors are known as OCEAN- openness, conscientiousness, extraversion, agreeableness and neuroticism. 2 It is said that theses possession of these traits may be stable for over 45 years that can start from early adulthood. 3 Parts and portion of traits are also heritable genetically. In addition, the traits are result of adaptation to the environment. Generally, these factors are viewed as universal and have been found in languages of different nations. Knowing where one’s place in the dimension can be very useful for one’s improvement and realization of skills, talents and abilities. The Case Dave has long been dreaming of putting up his own business. After several years of working in the job which he definitely did not like, he finally decided to pursue his dream. At this point in time, Dave was not sure of what enterprise will best fit his personality. Applying the Big Five Personality Development Theory, we carefully examine Dave’s personality in order to see what are his dominant traits and characteristics, his weaknesses and   1Buss, D. M. (1996). Social adaptation and five major factors of personality. In J. S. Wiggins (Ed. ), The five-factor model of personality: Theoretical perspectives (pp. 180-207). New York: 2Guilford. Soldz, S. , Vaillant, G. E. (1999). The Big Five personality traits and the life course: A 45-year longitudinal study. Journal of Research in Personality, 33, 208-232 3Buss, D. M. (1996). Social adaptation and five major factors of personality. In J. S. Wiggins (Ed. ), The five-factor model of personality: Theoretical perspectives (pp. 180-207). New York: unleashed talents if ever to be able to fit it with the kind of business that will best suit him. This is for the purpose of finding the better enterprise that will complement to his overall personality. This is important because the idea of putting up a business is much of a risk to take and Dave cannot afford not to be successful in his new chosen field after leaving his long time job. This is somehow a prelude to the future of his business because as the business and manger and owner to be, he will direct the efficiency and effectiveness of his business. To start with, traits and characters must be identified. In this case Dave provided us with some of his characteristics that are assumed to be relevant in helping him determine the best business for him. Dave mentioned that he was previously a paralegal and he had worked with attorneys and several clients in their law firm. He claimed that he often acts as a leader and in fact he formerly managed a staff. He added that he posses various leadership qualities though if given a choice, he would rather work alone. Applying the Big Five Personality Earlier, it has been mentioned that Dave, if given the chance will rather work alone, hence, we can conclude that he is an introvert. But since, he had longed desire to have his own business, it is inevitable to work with other person or to a group of person. By the word business, he is going to put up an organization. Building an organization means continuous interaction with other people and all the accompanied activities will operate in a relational or in a dynamic manner. Example of introversion is being independent and often being quiet. Introvert people prefer to do things by themselves and refuses to be helped by others and also disregard group activities because they see themselves more productive if they are alone. They are also the type who minimizes social involvement, in other words they prefer less socialization. Some of them are deliberately shy and some extreme cases found depression. Given that Dave wanted to put up his business and he also wanted to be alone if possible, I think the best business that will suit him is a coffee shop. Maintaining a coffee shop is not that difficult. Three to four people can be able to organize the business accordingly. If he will put up a coffee shop, he can be the one at the counter or he can hire another person to do that and all he needs to do is to supervise. Unlike his previous job wherein he had staff to lead to and attorneys and clients to deal with, a coffee shop business will put him in less trouble. If he has a passion in bartending, he can be the one to do it and all he needs to face is the waiter who will be passing the orders to him. As for agreeableness, undoubtedly, Dave has established leadership qualities necessary to operate a business. It will not be hard for him to deal with his employees to be, since he had his fair share on this matter on his preceding occupation. On the other hand, Dave showed did not mention about openness but I think it is safe to say that he is an open person because even if he has introvert qualities he bear with his colleagues for a long period of time and he tried to be a good leader and showed exceptional qualities of leadership in the law firm. Another proof of his openness is his likeness to have his own business. This means that he is open for new changes in his life to happen. Meanwhile, Dave has finally become assertive departing from his old reticent way. This is because at last he had the courage to left his job and starts a new with a business. Lastly, after evaluating the four factors of the Big Five, we can conclude that Dave is in the mid of imaginative and conventional dimension since he had let several years to past before actually realizing his wants, nevertheless he also posters creativity side as he was able to think of another form of occupation. In this activity, I learned the importance of knowing your personal traits and characteristics. Being familiar with your limitations and advantages may help you in various ways, likewise, it can help you understand others as well as to deal with them accordingly. Being acquainted with these traits will improve your relationship to other people and most of all it will contribute a lot in realizing your own potential and developing you as a person. References About. com Website (2008). The â€Å"Big Five Personality Model. Retrieved on January 17, 2008 from http://psychology. about. com/od/personalitydevelopment/a/bigfive. htm Buss, D. M. (1996). Social adaptation and five major factors of personality. In J. S. Wiggins (Ed. ), The five-factor model of personality: Theoretical perspectives (pp. 180-207). New York: Guilford. Soldz, S. , Vaillant, G. E. (1999). The Big Five personality traits and the life course: A 45-year longitudinal study. Journal of Research in Personality, 33, 208-232

Performance Management At Emaar

Performance Management At Emaar The report features altogether are in six major sections. Section one is about Performance management and performance appraisal at Emaar. Section two is about Reward Management that Emaar uses. Section three is about Addressing Underperformnce. Section four is about measures of staff satisfaction. Section five is about methods to improvements. Section six which the last one is the conclusion. More over, there are some appendixes I have attached in my report, Appendix 1 is the Aprriasal form and appendix 2 the exit interview. Finally, Most of the information in the report was from my own experience at Emaar and some particulars from Emaar website and interviewing employees as well. Performance Management at Emaar At Emaar, Performance Management is considered as a cyclical process encompassing many aspects. Their model begins with the process of hiring, continues with daily performance management, and extends to yearly performance appraisals specially when making hiring decisions, managers, individuals and committees are involved in the process should consider the seven core competencies established by Emaar which are: Adaptability Motivation Professional and Self Development Work Quality and Job knowledge Teamwork Service Orientation Communication From there, Emaar supervisors should manage employees daily performance through an efficient and effective performance management system. As a result of a efficient and effective and useful performance management system, supervisors should be able to provide accurate and relevant performance assessments that helps further growth and improvement among employees at Emaar. By institute a successful performance management based upon the seven core competencies, Emaar is able to hire, lead and evaluate individuals based on the same set of the competencies which offers consistency and continued growth. Appraisal Performance Appraisal performance is considered one of the powerful tools and an important process at all levels of the organization starting from the top management and ending with employees. It helps supervisors to meet the objectives and goals of the department and the firm as well. In addition, companies must keep pace with process to accommodate the changes of the business level contents and performance methods, and the change of the staff skills and knowledge. Appraisal helps to create confidence between employees and raise their loyalty to the firm.(See Appendix 1) Appraisal performance from some authors view performance appraisal as any procedure that involves setting work standards, assessing the employees actual performance relative to these standards, and providing feedback to the employees with the aim of motivating that person to eliminate performance deficiencies or to continue to perform above par Dessler Another definition for performance appraisal is the evaluation, often in writing an employees work and job performance according to specific criteria. Performance appraisal can also be defined as a system of periodic review and evaluation of an individuals or teams job performance Schuller Appraisal performance at Emaar Emaar conduct appraisal quarterly and annually to evaluate employees performance, promote communication and their personality to examine their strengths and weakness. Besides, Emaar ensures all the employees who conducted the evaluation that their information are confidential and secured for making right decisions for them. Appraisal performance is important for such a company because it provides them with employees feedback of employees performance and progress. Performance appraisal aims at facilitate employees development and it has the major purposes. These major purposes is to provide feedback and guidance, to set performance goals, to identify training needs, and to provide inputs for management of pay administration, rewards, and promotion. Also there are some steps which are involved in effective performance appraisal are: Identification of key performance areas and setting yearly objectives. Identification of critical attributes for effective performance Periodic review of performance Discussion of performance with employees, Identification of training and developmental needs. Emaar uses many methods for performance evaluation of their employees, some of them are traditional and some are modern methods. Incident Indicator Method It is done by collecting the largest possible number of incidents that causes the success or the failure of the work. Supervisors monitor their group and decide if any of those collected incidents happened to them in their work. Their performance will be evaluated based on the incidents that happened in their workplace and how they behaved during those incidents and how serious they are in terms of success or failure of the job. 360 degree Performance The 360 process almost always includes a survey that has questions related to leadership and organizational success, along with a corresponding scale rate each item for example, Agree, Slightly Agree, Neutral, Slightly Disagree, and Disagree. Self-ratings and ratings from employees manager, direct reports, peers and customers are typically compiled into a report. The results are combined and presented by rater category, which allows for insightful comparisons while ensuring that individual direct report, peer and customer raters remain anonymous. Ratings by the employees manager are also presented for comparison but not anonymous. The 360 process may also include a gaol setting or development planning component, which requires that managers translate there results into a meaningful plan for future development. Some 360s are linked to administrative processes such as performance appraisal, promotion, compensation and succession planning 360 Feedback offers many potential benefits to both staff and the organization. Because the technique is capitalizes on multiple perspectives. The results are considered highly credible and useful performance feedback. For employees, the 360 experience can help to confirm hunches about strengths and identify areas that need improvement. Being able to compare feedback from multiple sources helps participants contrast their self-perceptions with others perceptions of them. But the benefit from this kind of reality check comes with a challenge: As from Fortune article 360 Feedback Can Change Your Life. Receiving the results of the feedback can be surprising, powerful and uncomfortable. To help managers appreciate their strengths and not just concentrate on negative results, Emaar provides in one-on-one or group settings with trained coaches, facilitator or psychologists. Such sessions can also help managers link 360 results to previous performance feedback discover performance themes and issues and understand how to use results to be more successful. For Emaar, a successful 360 implementation can improve communication among employees and help disseminate the organizations expectations with regard to managers. The benefits can begin even before the 360 is implemented. A decision to implement the process signals that the organization desires and is committed on some level to improve its feedback mechanisms. Even the wording of the survey itself is instructive. 360 surveys are typically group behaviours into bread success factors such as strategic direction, analytical skills, interpersonal effectiveness and developing others. The very act of identifying these categories and then defining them by their associated behaviours, for instance, consider future implications when making decisions gives Emaar a common language with which to discuss performance. Forced Distribution In this method, employees are evaluates on the basis of their overall performance of the work. Paired comparison approach That this method is derived from the ranking method, the fundamental difference between them is that the ingredient rather than an individual compares with the rest of the individuals at once, as under the method of comparison by comparing the individual double with every one of them This method is characterized by the following: Easily explained to others. Facilitate the task of who conduct the appraisal, as it is easy for him to compare between two employees and choose only the best of them. Can be used this way by the heads of divisions and departments in the organizations when asked to nominate some of the subordinates for the purpose of promotion or bonuses and so on. The criticism of this method are as follows: That individuals are being compared with each other as if they were one unit, so it lacks behavioural specialization and taking focuses on personal aspects rather than behaviour. The evaluation might be susceptible to bias and favouritism. Individuals are evaluated by descending order (I, II, III, IV, .) does not indicate the relative degree of difference among them. Does not show the weaknesses in the performance of individuals to act and find solutions them. As Emaar got a large number of employees its hard for them to conduct this evaluation but this method is often used at small organizations where there are small number of employees such as small properties companies like Al Shams. Reward Management Reward Management is concerned with the formulation and implementation of strategies and policies that aim to reward employees fairly, equitably and consistently in accordance with their value to the organisation (Armstrong, 2003). Emaar has set a reward strategy to support their business goals, to recruit and retrain employees with his performance and to reward high performance employees. They have fincial rewards and non-financial rewards. Financial rewards Definition Employees get a fixed rate in monthly basis which is called base pay. Emaar determine the base pay according to the experience, degree and interview. Another, kind of financial rewards is the contingent pay, which is related the employees performance, competence or service. Moreover, employees benefits such as pension holidays and sick pay. Non-financial rewards It is not direct payments and usually occur from the work it self like achievements, recognition, training, opportunities to develop career and high quality leadership. Al-Noor Islamic bank has an attractive reward system which is for the part time employees who have worked at least twenty hours a week for two years, receive AED 3,500 scholarship to college of their choice. Four year scholarships for AED 35,000 are also given. The company has awarded more than AED 8 million since the program begins. Unlike Emaar that doesnt have flexible time for students who are welling to complete their higher education besides they are not encouraging students to join them. (function() { var scribd = document.createElement("script"); scribd.type = "text/javascript"; scribd.async = true; scribd.src = "https://www.scribd.com/javascripts/embed_code/inject.js"; var s = document.getElementsByTagName("script")[0]; s.parentNode.insertBefore(scribd, s); })() (function() { var scribd = document.createElement("script"); scribd.type = "text/javascript"; scribd.async = true; scribd.src = "https://www.scribd.com/javascripts/embed_code/inject.js"; var s = document.getElementsByTagName("script")[0]; s.parentNode.insertBefore(scribd, s); })() Addressing underperformance It is one of the elements of the performance management framework of Emaars Performance Management policy. It illustrates the need to take action to identify and resolve situations where the performance level is not achieving the identified outcome of performance of a specified position. Emaar follows some procedures to address underperformance Intensive Performance Support Solving a problem and supporting the process, generally developed between employees and the executive manager, to elucidate performance concerns and take early steps towards their resolution the process is begin when a patterns of performance concerns has been identified and considerable efforts should be made to resolve the concerns during this phase. Where employees are able to demonstrate that they are able to achieve Emaars identified performance outcomes during Intensive Performance Support, ongoing performance management can be resumed. Nevertheless, if employees underperforming consistently and the performance outcomes achieved through the IPS period are not improved sufficiently the Formal Underperformance procedure should be originated. This can be done only after IPS completion which is a pre-requisite to undertake the Formal Underperformance procedure. Formal Underperformance procedure Managers start this procedure for employees whose performance did not meet the identified performance outcome for Emaar and whose performance has not improved satisfactorily through IPS. Emaar makes sure that the used procedure is appropriate to employees employment conditions. Formal Underperformance is undertaken in consultation with departmental performance management consultant and involves supporting and assessing the performance of the employees. When outcomes of performance are achieved during the Formal Underperformance procedure are still unsatisfactory, another procedure is conducted which is called Evaluation Procedure to appraise and verify the procedure and how it is been implemented. The Evolution Procedure considers whether all reasonable options for support have been exhausted and ensures that principles of natural justice and procedural fairness have been observed. Based on the Evaluation Procedure report, recommendations are made for further action for approval of the departmental executive with the appropriate delegated authority. This may include Ongoing performance management return. Continuing with an identified stage of Managing Underperformance procedures. Sanctions imposition, including dismissal possibility when evident shows that an employee is not able to demonstrate the identified competence level and efficiency. ANOC is one of the biggest companies for producing oils so it is important for them to hire and retain the best employees to keep the company reputation safe so they use the same procedures as Emaar if they addressed any underperformance among employees specially the best employees. http://www.decs.sa.gov.au/docs/documents/1/ManagingUnderperformanc-4.pdf Measures of staff satisfaction Turnover Rates Emaar calculates the annual staff turnover rate by using a mathematical formula (Total number of leavers over periodÂÂ  / Average total number employed over period) x 100 Exit interviews Emaar conduct an internal interview which is the exit interview to establish the reasons why an employee wishes to leave the organization. Exit interviews are not intended to dissuade the employee from leaving. Rather, they are intended to establish resignation causes, and whether there is an underlying problem need to be addressed or is there a particular manager or a colleague who contributed towards this resignation and so on. When Emaar decides to conduct exit interviews they follow some points: The interview should be conducted by a personnel or a human resources expert. The interview should not be conducted by the employees line manager under any circumstances. The interview is often productive if they are held away from employees workplace. The best time to held exit interview is as soon after the employee resigns as possible. Emaar always treat their employees with good grace and wished them luck and thank them for the work they have done for the organization. (See Appendix 2) Absenteeism It is very vital to measure absenteeism, to identify and trace the patterns of employees attendance. High rate of absenteeism can be a symptom of stress in the work place which can contribute to higher rates of turnover. There are two methods to calculate absenteeism: lost time rate and individual frequency Lost Time Rate = (Number of Working Days Lost/Total Number of Working Days)*100ÂÂ   Individual Frequency = (Number of Absent Employees/Average Number of Employees)*100 Emaar has designed a comprehensive leave policy that is in alignment with the organizations values and objectives. Besides. there is a communication in the workplace, while dealing with sensitive issues such as absenteeism should be transparent and clear. Employees must be aware of the unpleasant effects of unauthorized time off. Moreover, Emaar introduces employee engagement programs to make employees involve and participate actively in the organization welfare. Also, they introduces counseling sessions that could prove beneficial in limiting absenteeism due to stress. Likewise, Emaar always keep their staff motivated by creating a favorable environment for them. There are also another methods to measure the staff satisfaction such as competitor comparison and benchmarking. Methods of improvements Emaar always try to make working more challenging and rewarding for their employees which will make it easier to keep them. In other words they use job enrichment which means they add additions to job tasks that increases the amount of employees and make them more motivated and increases their responsibility. Job enrichment helps employees to have more planning control their jobs and decide the way that they should achieve it. http://www.citehr.com/28657-job-enrichment.html http://www.enotes.com/business-finance-encyclopedia/job-enrichment

Bruce Dawes Poetry :: essays research papers

Discuss 2 of Dawe's poems which illustrates his belief that ordinary things in life are a good subject for poetry.Bruce Dawe poems illustrate his version of "ordinary". The poems I have studied of his work have been about life and how people deal with everyday living. Such poems as Drifters and Homosuburbiensis are good examples of how Dawe captures the meaning of "ordinary". Drifters is about a family who move from place to place, as the father needs to move by the demand of his job. The young children are growing up to learn no other way of life, as they are all waiting for the day they shall move again. The children get very excited about this, as it is something different and is of course an adventurous, in ordinary life.The eldest, she is seeing what she is missing out on and is becoming aware that there nomadic lives may never change. She who once was one of those excited children, realises she can not lead a normal teenage life as she is not stationed long enough, to become friends with people her own age. She is becoming frustrated with her life. She becomes upset but knows she has to accept the inevitable. From the above Dawe shows compassion for the eldest as she has to go through this more than once. Also the young children are going to grow up to realise they will too go through the same thing. Dawe also shows a serious side in the poem, as the mother just wants to settle down and have the bright future she has always dreamed of. Dawe has a sympathetic outlook towards the mother, by outlining her hopes and dreams, also asking her husband Tom to make a wish in the last line of the poem. Thus hoping he will choose the same path in life that would be concrete and will bring them closer together. Because this is a continuous event the mother is getting frustrated as at the time of packing once again she finds that she has not unpacked from there last move.This poem is not everyone's ordinary life but a life the have to lead in order to stay functional. The family have to make sacrifices because it is more of a necessity. This life they lead is ordinary to the young children but frustrating towards the eldest and the mother.

Six Sigma :: essays research papers

  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  First off I am pleased that you, Books-R-Us, is going to adapt to the Six Sigma process. Not only will things run smoother, the product better, but the end customer will also be happier. I am going to plan out the course for you below; if you need any additional help here is the master black belt who you will want to contact:   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Now assuming that everyone has already read Six Sigma for Everyone by George Eckes, I’m not going to go into defining all of the technical terms; he does a fine job of doing that in his book. Business Case: We are going to revamp out assembly line project to run both effectively and efficiently. The assembly line is the core of the business, and if it isn’t running both effectively and efficiently, we are loosing money. Problem Statement: We have made no steps to improve our line, even though we have the demand for our books. We only have one employee, who by the way can’t keep up with the demand. We need to get to the point to where for every 1,000,000 books are sold madam customer only rejects 3 or 4. Now this would be easy to do if we were only putting out 5-6 books a day, but we also need to put out a great number of books. Project Scope: Bottom line, like I have sated over and over, is improving our effectiveness and still maintain a level of being efficient. Easier said than done, right? Wrong, if we focus on where the bottlenecks are in the line, and focus on the areas that are causing the books to be rejected (I.E. the folding process) we can improve our system dramatically. We are not going to worry about the bottom line and net profit. That isn’t your job as assembly line workers; we will leave that up to the group of executives for Books R Us. We realize that in the beginning we may be loosing money because this is going to take time to turn things around. We only want to worry about the assembly line, that’s it. Goals and Objectives: Right now at the current step of the process (with one employee), we are making 4 books per shift, but we are also having 4 books rejected. We are loosing money, obviously. We have the demand for our books, if we put our 1,000 books and madam customer rejected 0, we would sell 1,000 books.

Cda Autobiography Essay

I am Larissa R. Hall and I was born to John L. and Wilma R. Hall on February 17th in Utica, NY. They knew I was going to be a special person because I was born on my grandmother’s 50th birthday. I have 3 siblings, 2 brothers and 1 sister of which I am the second oldest. I currently reside in Philadelphia, PA and attended school in the Philadelphia Public School System. I am a musician by heart, mind and soul who has a passion for children. While attending the Girard Academic Music Program, initially for singing, I learned to play the trombone and was also taught music theory, how to read and write music, which only increased my love for music all the more. After getting a good grasp on the trombone I decided to pick up the trumpet and taught myself how to play that as well. Upon graduating high school I attended Eastern University where I studied music education and church music. Later, I transferred to Temple University and there I studied Jazz performance with a minor in music education. I have always had a great connection with children and during my early teenage years I obtained my first job which was babysitting for some friends of the family. I enjoyed being with children so much that my first â€Å"real-world† paying job was at a summer camp. Between volunteering at the church Vacation Bible School and working at the summer camp I realized I have a great connection with children and can help make a difference in their lives and that is what I seek to do. I have since been employed at a few different childcare facilities along with a music store and book store but no matter what I always found myself returning to working in either a childcare or school setting. Recently, I had the privilege to work at an elementary school for 5 years. Initially, I was hired to be a lunchroom aide, but after careful observation I was granted the opportunity to become their music teacher. This was an honor to me because I had not yet received a degree in music. I taught the choir and I was able to pass on my knowledge of music theory to children in grades K-8th. I was employed as the instrumental music teacher and taught beginner piano, trumpet, flute, clarinet and saxophone lessons. This was most of the children’s first experience in learning a musical instrument and I was honored to be the person to impart my knowledge into them. Unfortunately, it was time for me to move on from this place of employment and as I searched for other employment I was led to another childcare facility, where I am still employed. I have been at the Jenkintown Day Nursery for 2 years now and although sometimes challenging, it has indeed been a rewarding opportunity. During this time, I had an urge to get a better understanding of how to properly care for children and to further my education in Early Childhood Education. I thought and prayed long and hard about this and the door was opened for me to fulfill this desire. Now, I am taking classes to obtain my CDA and words can’t express the excitement I feel in being able to fulfill this. Upon completion of my CDA, I plan on getting my certification to teach music to preschool aged children. Even though I am already working in the field and teaching music too, I desire to have the certification to do this. Just knowing that I am fulfilling the things I was meant to do is an exciting feeling and to know that I can do both, childcare and teach music, makes this opportunity even more rewarding.

China vs. the World: Whose Technology Is It?

China vs. The world: Whose technology is it? Executive summary China, the country with incredible fast-growing speed of development, now is becoming more attractive to Western investing companies than ever. China governments know that and they try to take advantage over that point by forcing the multinational companies to share technology in the exchange of future investing opportunities. This strategy has created a lot of argument and discontent between China government and foreign companies. China government recognized the importance of technologies and investment in R&D in the processing of becoming the world’s top five economies.They developed three-pronged plans to solve this problem, mainly by investing in certain industries, by learning and generating economics scale, and by receiving technologies from foreign partners. Chinese government also know that it is possible to lose their foreign partners’ investment to other emerging countries while they still depend m uch on technology of Western and developed countries( Japan, Korea). Many strategies are processed by government to limit the control of the foreign companies over the domestic market and to support their own players.For instance, multinational companies only could hold 49% of the equity stake of new company or 70% of each system had to be locally. In the software industries, government decreases tax for domestic companies, they require the foreign software has to disclose their source and requires the software version for China. Local banks even give loans with below-market rate to domestic companies. However some certain industries of China are still unable to compete with strong and competitive foreign companies. The conflicts between China and the U. S. have been raised due to China’s policies.The author mentioned that the main reason is because of the basic difference of policy and culture: China focuses on saving for future and U. S. cares about current consumptions. Ho wever in the bright side both of them are pragmatic, operate at the top and both of them want to enhance the trade flow between two countries. Among the interaction between China and the U. S. the multinational companies have to find their own ways to adjust and overcome that tension. For most foreign companies that want to succeed in China market, teaming up the Chinese executive and making themselves indispensible to the Chinese government is essential.Once they have something that China wants and no one else has, they are able to win the bargain with Chinese government. However it is rare exception, mostly they are still learning to protect their intellectual property in China. Personal arguments The article brought up the very interesting topic of China and its role in global economy in the 21st century. It helps us to understand how China government is heading for and how they use their policies to fight in the global market.If China succeeds in these policies to promote the hi gh-technology, we would likely to see a boom technological boom in some years since the market became more competitive, both China and developed countries would be pressed to gain new innovation with faster speed or else they would be able to lose the market share to their competitors. After all, the one who get benefits most is consumers because now we can easily purchase high-tech products with affordable price, it changed the high-tech products from niche product to become mass product.Besides, it looks like Chinese government is trying to learn the lesson from Japan in the past. After the post-war, Japan was successful in buying technology from the west. It started developing high- tech products and production facilities. Lastly, from China’s point of view, China’s current policy is very helpful to meet the urgent requirement of development. However for the long-term, Chinese government need to gain their own resource of technology and innovation. Otherwise in some situation they will lose in bargaining with their foreign partners because they can always shift to other emerging countries.