A Research Study On Entrepreneurship - 2610 Words

Entrepreneurship is often a difficult undertaking since a majority of new businesses fail, but in many ways, it s never been easier to become an entrepreneur. According to research by Shikhar Ghosh, a Harvard business school lecturer, three out of four venture-backed start ups fail (Bruder). Ghosh also found that more than 95% of start ups fall short of their initial projections (Bruder). Being an entrepreneur is not as easy as some people think. The hours are long and sometimes they have to make hard decisions, but the ability to stand behind your decisions is essential (Drexler). People like Bill Gates, Michael Dell, Steve Jobs, and Larry Page form our conception of entrepreneurship. The inventions and products created by these people†¦show more content†¦Baron mentions many times these phases are meant to be broad and don’t necessarily include all actions performed by entrepreneurs or variables that may influence their performance or their organization s outcome. Prelaunch is the period that comprises all the activities performed before the actual launch of a new organization. During this period, entrepreneurs are not quite entrepreneurs yet. This phase consists of the evolution of the vision for one’s company, the full development of intentions to proceed with the creation of the company, recognition of opportunities and the evaluation of the opportunities. All these factors lead to the next phase -- the launch -- of creating one’s new venture. After those factors have been dealt with, they are followed by efforts to assemble these necessary resources: human, financial, informational, and other. One needs some way to fund the development of their new company, find people to work for them, and what exactly they are going to be producing and/or providing. Launch is the phase that involves all the activities related to the actual, serious launch of a new company and the initial period of its public operation. The launch period includes creating marketing plans and an overall strategy for utilizing the opportunities recognized in the prelaunch period, choosing a legal form for the new company (e.g. S CORP or LLC),Show MoreRelatedRelationship Between Entrepreneurship And The Economic Development Essay1091 Words   |  5 PagesBUSINESS RESEARCH METHODS Introduction This research seeks to establish the relationship between entrepreneurship and the economic development in Saudi Arabia. Entrepreneurship is the process of managing, organizing and developing a business venture in a competitive environment that is dynamic (Kuratko 2016 pp3). An entrepreneur is an inventor, leader, innovator, and pioneer and most significantly, a performer. The heart of a national advantage is often pegged on entrepreneurship. The operationRead MoreRelationship Between Entrepreneurship And The Economic Development Essay1314 Words   |  6 PagesResearch Brief Introduction This research seeks to establish the relationship between entrepreneurship and the economic development in Saudi Arabia. Entrepreneurship is the process of managing, organizing and developing a business venture in a competitive environment that is dynamic (Kuratko 2016 pp3). An entrepreneur is an inventor, leader, innovator, and pioneer and most significantly, a performer. The heart of a national advantage is often pegged on entrepreneurship. The operation of an enterpriseRead MoreA Study On Female Entrepreneurs1487 Words   |  6 PagesIntroduction The main aim of this study is to explore how female entrepreneurs have managed to open new ventures and also coping with the entrepreneurial system in the UK. Initially, women want to be part of the entrepreneurship activities and studies shows that the rate of women entrepreneurs is increasing (Brush et al, 2006). Gender discrimination is no longer a taboo in this twentieth century (Butler, 2003). 1.1 Research background In today’s business world, entrepreneurship is fundamental for the wholeRead MoreEntrepreneurial Ecosystem in Academic Organization827 Words   |  3 Pagessection explains the background of study. The second section contains the statement of the problem of this study whereas the third section stated the research objectives. The scope of this study is explained in the fourth section while the limitation of the study is explained in the fifth section. Then, the significant of the study are shown in the sixth section and the conclusion is elaborated in the last section. 1.2 Background Of Study Entrepreneurship is a crucial element for each countryRead MoreThe Promise of Entrepreneurship as a Field of Research638 Words   |  3 PagesPROMISE OF ENTREPRENEURSHIP AS A FIELD OF RESEARCH 1.0 Introduction To date, the phenomenon of entrepreneurship has lacked a conceptual framework. A research has been conducted in the difference social science disciplines and applied fields of business to create a conceptual framework for entrepreneurship. 2.0 Definition of Entrepreneurship Entrepreneurship is defined solely by the researchers in terms of who the entrepreneur is and what he or she does. The study of entrepreneurship must involveRead MoreOrigin Of Successful Enterprises Can Be Observed Among China Born Immigrants Essay1550 Words   |  7 Pagesbusinesses in the study that could be observed among China-born immigrants in the GTA were skilled, specialized or useful and functional personal or home related services and businesses. For instances, the practical and skillful of HAC home services, real estate brokerage, fast printing of Chinese business cards and fast food advertisings, accounting consulting, dating services, immigration consulting, Chinese supermarket, and hair salon. These businesses or services in the study were realistic,Read MoreA Research Study On Business Education1565 Words   |  7 Pages Running head: LEVERAGING RESEARCH TOENHANCE UNDERGRADUATE BUSINESS EDUCATION 1 Leveraging research to enhance undergraduate business education Luke Maass Northwest Missouri State University Authors note This paper was prepared for Student involvement in research activities in U.S. business schools used to be primarily offered to graduate students. However, many universities are now offering undergraduate research opportunities that can provide students with a deepRead MoreThe Effects of Dam Construction on the Environment, A Literature Review930 Words   |  4 Pagesadverse environmental, social and economic impacts to the affected areas and communities, the implementation of such project may give birth to new socio-economic opportunities with high entrepreneurial values. It is almost a truism in entrepreneurship research that the entrepreneurial process begins at a basic level with the discovery of opportunities (Shane Venkataraman, 2000). Opportunities are new means-ends frameworks, whereby a variety of new goods, services, raw materials, markets, andRead MoreWhat Does The Study of Regional Economy Teach Us?1436 Words   |  6 PagesWhat does the study of regional science help us understand? What are the three â€Å"building blocks† that underlie the complex patterns of location of economic activity? Should jobs move to people or should people move to jobs? Regional science is a sub field of social sciences that analyzes approaches to urban, rural, or regional problems. It involves the study of spatial patters to analyze the economic factors of a region. The study of regional science is necessary to improve the economy in todaysRead MoreThe Meaning of Technology Entrepreneurship1024 Words   |  4 PagesTechnology Entrepreneurship; Technological Entrepreneurship is the art or process of innovating and imminence assets and products for major return of profit in business. New and unique combinations of innovation are the result of Technological Entrepreneurship. The medium that alleviates wealth in firms, individuals, nations and regions, the research of technology entrepreneurship plays a significant role beyond the satisfaction of intellectual interest. Certainly, Technological Entrepreneurship effect

A Cultural Determination of Meaning Essay - 892 Words

HUM-101-010 Written Assignment 4 A Cultural Determination of Meaning Throughout historic culture, we can identify several changes in philosophical thought. Through the emergence of romanticism, we see a realization that, through passion, the paths of the hero and saint can be merged. In the agony and ecstasy of Michelangelo, it is obvious how the paths of hero and saint can be merged in the form of art, to attempt to reconcile the tension between them. In the enlightenment patterns of cultural mutation, we begin to realize that the way we converge the two paths depends on the historical context in which we view them. And finally, as a response to his cultural climate, Kierkegaard’s portrayal of Abraham shows how the hero-saint†¦show more content†¦This stems directly from the Greek ideal of the tragic hero and builds on romanticism, and Michelangelo portrays this in his Roman Pieta. Through the idea of the parent’s loss of the child, he is able to display heroism in the mother, through the dep iction of the biblical figures of Mary and Jesus. Michelangelo is reacting to a certain cultural context by combining contemplation with faith – the Florentine Renaissance and the timeless dynamic of human existence that he observed while in Rome. This leads us to the fact that these thought patterns are influenced by the culture in which they are observed through the changes in philosophical thought in the enlightenment. During the enlightenment patterns of cultural mutations, there is a growing emphasis on morality to determine one’s faith. Luther describes the individual as being responsible for his/her identity as a child of God. Science re-inserts the impersonal worldview of the hero into a Christian culture. The rise of capitalism brings the idea that human identity is based on a cultural environment which is organized in economic terms – with an emphasis on competitive advantage. All of these mutations point to the fact that the tensions between the two p aths are unable to be merged into one path; they swing in one direction or the other, based on the cultural climate. This brings us to a need to define one pathShow MoreRelatedThe Elusive Promise Of Indigenous Development : Rights, Culture, Strategy1053 Words   |  5 Pagesonce enabled indigenous advocacy to gain a first port of entry into law now stalls indigenous development, the ultimate goal of indigenous advocacy. â€Å"Deploy[ing] a self-conscious strategy of multidisciplinarity that refuses to distinguish between cultural critique and advocacy,† Engle considers so-called primary and secondary sources with equal weight, and as part of an argumentative continuum. She challenges the boundaries between anthropology and law, arguing that anthropology need not timidly bowRead MoreGuidelines For Ethical Research On Australian Indigenous Studies909 Words   |  4 PagesAustralian Indigenous Studies are based on principles of self-determination, Indigenous ownership and control over research. Discuss the potential for misunderstanding of procedures by those participating in research processes (e.g. non-Indigenous researcher and Indigenous Participants). Would there be similar cultural misunderstandings between an Indigenous researcher and non-Indigenous participant? Australian Indigenous rights to self-determination are grouped under broad categories, and are recognisedRead MoreThe Contemporary Concern Of Indigenous People At The International Platform Essay1594 Words   |  7 PagesThe contemporary concern for indigenous people at the international platform gained its popularity from the long-standing Sui generis deviation of self-determination standard, that supplements the Sui generis deviation which the twentieth century classic colonialism represents (Anaya 1996). Indeed, the concept of indigenous people is usually understood to mean a culturally cohesive group who suffers inequality with the state wherein they leave because of historical empire or conquest (UN DOC 1986;Read MoreRelationship Between Psychological Empowerment And Job Satisfaction1510 Words   |  7 Pagesbetween psychological empowerment and job satisfaction among Saudi women working in private enterprises. Specifically, this research attempts to examine the relationship b etween the psychological dimensions of empowerment (i.e., meaning, competence, impact, and self-determination) and overall level of job satisfaction among the participants. The following section includes some of the literature studies relevant to the relationship between psychological empowerment and job satisfaction. Several studiesRead MoreCultural Appropriation : Disrespects Of A Minority Culture776 Words   |  4 PagesCultural Appropriation Cultural appropriation is shown in many ways among the public. When a member of the majority takes an element of a minority culture and attempts to make it their own, they are appropriating the minority’s culture. Appropriating a culture is disrespectful and can lead to loss of valuable meaning of cultural practices. This is shown in many ways, such as the use of blackface or wearing a significant piece of Native American history as a fashion accessory. Each of these elementsRead MoreThe Treaty Of Waitangi And New Zealand Essay1100 Words   |  5 PagesNurses help to improve the health disparities between Pakeha and Maori in New Zealand (Nursing Council of New Zealand, 2011, pp. 14-17) The passing of sovereignty to the Crown and the colonisation of the Europeans in 1840 results in the loss of cultural beliefs, Maori language and practices (Kingi, 2007, p. 5). â€Å"Culture misunderstandings and bias† contributed to the to the status of Maori health and health disparities which still exist today (Mauri Ora Associates, 2006, p. 8). Health inequalitiesRead MoreSelf Determination And Personality : Edward Deci And Richard Ryan Essay1610 Words   |  7 PagesSelf-Determination and Personality Edward Deci and Richard Ryan first developed the concept of self-determination. They thought that to truly understand human functioning and well-being, researchers must assess the agentic nature of human behavior. The main focus of the theory concerns human motivation and personality. People are often motivated by an external factor such as rewards or praise but they are also intrinsically motivated. The intrinsic motivators are not usually externally rewarded butRead MoreDefinition Of Moral Realism Of The Floral Industry And Owning An Interior Commercial And Residential Business968 Words   |  4 Pageswhat is moral will evoke different responses within a group, culture, subculture or nation. In my profession in the floral industry and owning an interior commercial and residential business for almost 30 years, I learned much about color and the meanings of color between different cultures. An example of a simplistic question is how color is perceived by people. In the United States, and some other nations, to question the description of â€Å"green† or to ask for examples, will usually receive is aRead More Reflection on Ethnicity Essay567 Words   |  3 Pagesethnic groups have interacted and negotiated public realms similar to the method each separate population underwent to develop into its present framework. We continue to co-mingle cultures, borrowing tastes that suit our own self-definition and determination. The definition of what is â€Å"right† and what is valued varies from culture to culture, and from individual to individual. How we value differences affects our ability to embrace or reject entire cultures. When the knowledge that humans belong toRead MoreJustification of the Right to National Self-Determination1585 Words   |  6 Pages1. Introduction—Can the right to national self-determination be justified? 1.1. What is the right to national self-determination? The right to self-determination is the right of a group to determine political action concerning the group and its members. In this case, the right to national self-determination is the right of nations to have the institutions to make the political decisions that are of primary concern to the nation and its members (Shorten 2012: 44; Miller 1997: 81; Margalit and Raz

Critical thinking and Managerial Decisions Making

Question: Write a reflective essay on critical thinking and managerial decision making. Answer: Introduction Critical Thinking is a process of thinking out of the usual everyday thinking (automatic thinking), a Headscratcher. This Critical Thinking and Managerial Decision-Making course are an amazing and proven tool to enhance the thinking and decision-making skills, change the personality and future career of any student as well as an employee or businessperson. Critical thinking can also be defined in many other terms such as innovative, outside the box, not taking things for granted, purposeful, non-emotional, examining, exhaustive, physical geography, methodical, probing, scientific and procedural thinking (Wolf, Stanton Gellott, 2010). We commonly practice many of these words in our daily life; but did we ever guess the accurate significance of these words regarding applying them with thinking? Critical thinking and managerial decision-making is a manual, non-automatic thinking; thinking which uses a tool or a set of process and purpose. Thinking smarter is nothing but using our brain more sharply and intelligently. It is not tough, but critical thinking takes discipline and practice (Toner Moran, 2016). Implementation of Critical Thinking in my Future prospects Critical thinking is an essential element of almost all the academic disciplines and professional fields. The course of critical thinking engages the careful interpretation and acquisition of information and its use to arrive at agood reasonableconclusion. Since birth, I have been taught to complete the task within the given period or at the earliest and not to think about it for its best outcome or my better performance (Schwarz, 2005). I have learned a lot from this course, which could be applied in my future career or in regular life. This course taught me that we do not think anything different to conclude, take action and decide; however, we do the tasks without enough thinking just for the requirement of its completion on time. Critical thinking will assist me to be confident and visionary in my actions as well as will create a positive, creative thinker in me (Schraagen Ven, 2008). I am usually confused with the conclusion and decision that means I do not conclude and leads t o the decision early and appropriately. For example, whether I should buy a red shirt or a blue shirt is what I decide in automatic thinking, however, I have concluded to buy a blue shirt, whether I want to buy it or not is a decision in critical thinking. I also learned that automatic thinking always has a puny foundation for resolution, less time being understandable and more time to decide. Whereas, critical thinking has powerful foundations for decision, bit more time on being clear and little time to decide (Kallet, 2014). Critical thinking has a set of tool or a framework for its best consequence, which says to get clarity on the issue, conclude for the solution and decide (take action) on the conclusion for the best resolution. There are plentiful critical thinking techniques and tools to direct our thinking in each framework mechanism of clarity, conclusion and decision. As we practice and apply these tools, the decision-making and problem-solving ability will improve automatically. The tools will honestly yield superior quality decision-making, problem-solving and inventive results (Koch, 2011). This course motivated me to understand more about myself; improve my skills and way of my thinking. I learned from the course that I should start thinking critically from small tasks like I used to write big emails for better understanding, but I learned that short emails with clarity are more appreciated and are responsive with positive outcomes. Critical thinking is measured important and necessary in the academic fields as it enables the students to explore, evaluate, clarify, and streamline their thinking, thus decreasing the threat of acting on, adopting or thinking by way of false beliefs and attitude. However, yet with an understanding of the processes of logical reasoning and inquiry, mistake happens due to a student /thinkers incapability to apply the techniques or due to character personality such asegocentrism (Borger, 2014). It will help me to invent and implement creative ideas in my career in the Advertising or an Event Company. DISC personality test helped me a lot to understand and identify my personality, strengths and weaknesses regarding Dominance, Influence, Steadiness and Conscientiousness (DISC). This course of Critical thinking will help me a lot in overcoming my flaws and limitations and will extend my capabilities and efficiency to freedom of deep purposeful thinking. It will help me in my employment to take effective managerial decisions and motivate, promote and assess my colleagues for the better outcome of their roles and responsibilities. Critical thinking will also let me assess the behavior and nature of my team by the observation of their efficiency that can be improved with the training sessions of the course and sharing this knowledge with them. It will help me in organizing my thoughts as well as incorporating others thoughts also in the meetings and business reviews that further will help the organization with better effectual thoughts, conclusions and decisions. Pursuing this course led me to understand different thinking methods and the development of a new knowledge, which may lead to being more effective and meaningful life. It helps with the clarity of day-to-day situations and problems; it will gain me different knowledge of fast, accurate, richer and opportunist decisions. The new knowledge of critical thinking says if I can, sit and discuss (think critically) with somebody else, questioning each other and listening to the answers that reproduce new queries and ideas. Then, I can also think critically by myself alone, so long as I am restricted enough to respond to the hard questions. As discussed above, critical thinking is based on three steps execution clarity, conclusion and decision; this three-step process is also surrounded by another three concepts that are informative, discovery and ideas, which includes conducting research, exploring ideas, listen to responses and asking questions. For every multifaceted problem, there is always a simple solution My highly sensitive critical thinking expertise will go a long way in making an impression on a potential manager. Today, all of us are required to think critically, innovate, solve problems, communicate and collaborate more effectively. We must do extremely well on the concept of four Cs: Creativity, critical thinking, collaboration and communication. Critical thinking is not un-complimentary, faultfinding, disparaging, derogatory or judgmental. However, often in the professional world, it commonly observed in a plan meant to explain that someone has found the flaw in something (Dwyer, Hogan Stewart, 2014). Critical thinking developed a new knowledge, challenges and the courage to face those challenges with a positive attitude and strength in me. I am feeling a very different person, who I used to be, before joining this course. This course really enhanced my assurance to out-perform in my future career along with th e organization as a whole implementing the tool set and framework of my new knowledge and thinking skills. Conclusion Critical thinking is self-discipline, self-guided thinking that attempts to rationale at the uppermost level of excellence in an open-minded way.People, who imagine critically, always attempt to breathe reasonably, rationally and empathically.They are intensely conscious of the inherently imperfect nature of individual thinking (Lee Paradowski, 2007). I have discovered a new me from this critical thinking and managerial decision-making course. I have also learned that critical thinking is also not everyones cup of tea; few people who do not have the desire to grow potentially and socially will not attempt to gain the actual understanding and meanings of it (Glassner Schwarz, 2007). I believe that implementing all the core concepts, tools and ways of critical thinking in my professional career will lead me to a much better place where I could reach without it, in terms of knowledge, communication with colleagues, identification of issues, conclusions and the best of all is timely, a ppropriate and calculative decision-making. References Borger, A. (2014). A Different Way to Think.Journal Of The Dermatology Nurses Association,6(5), 237-238. Dwyer, C., Hogan, M., Stewart, I. (2014). An integrated critical thinking framework for the 21st century.Thinking Skills And Creativity,12, 43-52. Glassner, A. Schwarz, B. (2007). What stands and develops between creative and critical thinking? Argumentation?.Thinking Skills And Creativity,2(1), 10-18. Kallet, M. (2014).Think smarter. Hoboken, New Jersey: Wiley. Koch, C. (2011). Think Different.Scientific American Mind,21(6), 16-17. Lee, M. Paradowski, M. (2007). Group Decision-Making on an Optimal Stopping Problem.The Journal Of Problem Solving,1(2). Schraagen, J. van de Ven, J. (2008). Improving Decision Making in Crisis Response Through Critical Thinking Support.J Cogn Engng Dec Making,2(4), 311-327. Schwarz, N. (2005). When Thinking Feels Difficult: Meta-Cognitive Experiences in Judgment and Decision Making.Professional Decision Making,25(1), 105-112. Toner, J. Moran, A. (2016). On the importance of critical thinking: A response to Wulf's (2015) commentary.Psychology Of Sport And Exercise,22, 339-340. Wolf, J., Stanton, M., Gellott, L. (2010). Critical Thinking in Physical Geography: Linking Concepts of Content and Applicability.Journal Of Geography,109(2), 43-53.

Understand Personality Structure Clinical -Myassignmenthelp.Com

Question: Discuss About The Understand Personality Structure Clinical? Answer: Introducation Personality is defined as the combination of traits or characteristics that create a persons distinct character; it is the visible aspect of an individuals character which impresses others. In other words, personality is referred as a set of emotional qualities or method of behaving in certain situations that differentiate a person from others (Kim, Hon Lee, 2010). This essay will focus on different theoretical arguments provided by experts on peoples personalities. Many experts have given several personalities theories within psychology in order to explain different ideas about how a persons personality develops and what factors contribute to personalitys development. In recent years, management focus on analysing and learning about their employees personalities since it assists in establishing a positive working environment. Managers implement organisational behaviour theories in the corporation which assist them in motivating employees by evaluating their personalities that assis t in increasing their productive performance. This essay will compare and contrast various theoretical arguments given by an expert on peoples personalities in an organisation. Further, the essay will evaluate how managers can use this information to establish a positive working environment in the enterprise and increase employees productive performance. There are several personality types in an organisation which influence the behaviour of employees; managers focus on influencing workers behaviour by assessing their personality traits and use them to their advantage. One of the most popular theories of personality is provided by Sigmund Freud called Psychodynamic theory. This theory provides that personality is the basic structure of id, ego, and superego. As per Freud, these factors unconsciously impact personality traits, and they are developed at the early childhood stage (McWilliams, 2011). The id or Instinctive drives part of the brain is completely unconscious, whereas, ego and superego are both conscious and unconscious parts. The id includes factors such as food, sex, aggression and others, and they are influenced by early childhood influences, especially by parents. First five years of children early childhood has a significant influence on their personality, and it is largely affected by their parents behaviour. Similarly, Freud provided that manager is subordinates parent figure, and they can be good or bad depending on how manager perceived the situation. The employees who idealise their manager are more likely to be sensitive to criticism, therefore, they should be treated differently during a performance review that other subordinates who did not have any issue with constructive criticism (McLeod, 2017). Unlike Freuds psychodynamic theory, the Biological theory of personality provides that genetics are responsible for personality traits of people. The biological theory of personality contradicts Freuds theory which provides that nurturing influence a persons personality such as parenting or early childhood experiences, whereas, the biological theory provides that natural factors such as genetics influence a person personality traits. The study conducted on heritability suggested that there is a link between personality traits and genetics (Cuncic, 2017). Hans Eysenck provided that personality has a direct link with biological processes. For example, employees with introvert personality had high cortical arousal which assists in leading them to avoid stimulation. However, extrovert employees, on the other hand, had low cortical arousal that causes them to seek out stimulating experiences (Lewin, 2013). Although, many experts have provided that biological theory did not have any influe nce on Big five personality traits which include operations, extraversion, conscientiousness, neuroticism, and agreeableness. But, recent studies have suggested that biological factors might influence this model as well (Selfhout, Burk, Branje, Denissen, Van Aken Meeus, 2010). Therefore, this theory provides that managers have to assess their employees personality and assign them jobs accordingly because their personality traits are natural and it is difficult to influence them by external factors. The Freuds psychodynamic theory is a part of behavioural theories of personality, whereas, the biological theory is opposite of behavioural theories. Similarly, there are various traits theories provided by experts which are based on personality qualities analysis. These theories are used by managers to study employees personality in a corporation which assists in implementing appropriate organisational behaviour theories. Traits are defined as habitual part of a persons emotions, thoughts, and behaviour (Ryckman, 2012). These theories provide that personality factors remain stable over time,f and they are different for each individual, for example, some employees are extroverts who are good at handling supervision tasks whereas introvert employees prefer desk jobs. Each person has a unique set of skills which differentiate it from others, and managers measure these personality characteristics to implement appropriate organisational behaviour theories. Hans Eysenck is one of the most famous British psychologists; he provided that there are two key dimensions of a personality, which includes extroversion and introversion that account for all the other personalities. Extroversion personality people are loud and outgoing whereas introversion personality people are quiet and reserved (Eysenck, 2012). This theory is similar to the biological theory of personality since it provided that people primarily divided into two categories: extroverts and introverts. Just as the biological theory of personality, this theory provides that extrovert employees have low arousal level whereas introvert workers have high arousal level. Gordon Allport was among the first ever psychologist who provided personality based trait. His theory is different from Eysenck theory who divided personality into two key dimensions, whereas, Allport theory provide that there are more than four thousand words in English dictionary which define personality traits. He divided traits into three key parts: cardinal, central and secondary (Chen, Yang, Chen, Tseng Lee, 2013). Cardinal traits are developed later in life, and they influence a persons decision key life decision such as kindness, greed, narcissism or lust. Central traits are major characteristics of a persons that leads to creating their personality such as anxious, intelligent, or shy. Secondary traits are the general behaviour of a person that only appears in specific situations such as getting nervous while p ublically speaking (Ickes Knowles, 2012). The traits theories assist managers in implementing appropriate organisational behaviour theory, for example, the manager can implement Personality-Job Fit theory during the recruitment process which assists them in analysing a job candidates traits and assign him post accordingly. Social Learning Theory of personality given by Alan Bandura is another popular theory of personality which is used by managers in order to influence their employees personalities to increase their performance. Bandura agrees with the classical conditioning and operant conditioning behaviourist theories, but he further provided new principles which include mediating process and observational learning. The theory provides that employees imitate the behaviour qualities of people around them, and they respond to punishment and reinforcement (McLeod, 2016). Unlike Freuds psychodynamic theory and Biological theory of personality, Social learning theory provides that the actions of managers can change the personality of an employee. Managers can implement policies of reinforcement, punishment or motivation which assist in changing employees personalities and increase their productive performance (McCleskey, 2014). Freuds psychodynamic theory and Biological theory of personality provide that managers cannot change personality, instead, workers should be assign jobs based on their personality and policies should be made accordingly to achieve maximum productivity. Whereas, Social learning theory provides that personality of an employee is influenced by several external factors and managers can implement policies to influence their productive performance positively. In recent years, the role of personality theories has grown substantially in corporations because each company focuses on gaining a competitive advantage over its customers. Employees are considered as crucial assets for modern corporations and managers focus on increasing their productive performance by providing them appropriate incentives (Li, Liang Crant, 2010). Managers use personality theories to understand their employees attitude and use such information to implement various organisational behaviour theories. For example, Freuds Psychodynamic theory can assist managers in implementing the appropriate motivational theory in the organisation because it assists them in analysing which employee will prefer monetary or non-monetary rewards (Korsgaard, Meglino, Lester Jeong, 2010). The Social Learning theory provides them managers should implement a positive and challenging organisational environment which will influence employees to increase their productive performance. In conclusion, modern corporations use personality theories which assist managers in implementing effective organisational behaviour theories which provide them a competitive advantage. Various experts have given different personality theories based on different key aspects such as biological, behavioural, or traits. Managers use various personality theories while performing business activities such as Freuds Psychodynamic theory, Eysenck Personality Traits theory, Social Learning theory, Allport Personality Traits theory, the Biological theory of personality, and many others. These theories provide necessary employees behaviour information to managers that assist them in implementing different organisational behaviour theories for different business functions such as motivating employees, establishing a positive working environment or many others. Modern corporations should effectively implement organisational theories based on employees personalities since it provides them a compet itive advantage and sustains their future growth. References Chen, C. W., Yang, H. C., Chen, C. H., Tseng, C. P., Lee, K. L. (2013). Retracted: The Relationship between Personality Traits and Sales Force Automation Usage: A Review of Methodology.Human Factors and economics in Manufacturing Service Industries,23(4), 294-305. Cuncic, A. (2017). What Are the Genetic Causes of Social Anxiety Disorder?. Retrieved from https://www.verywell.com/what-are-the-genetic-causes-of-social-anxiety-disorder-3024457 Eysenck, H. J. (Ed.). (2012).A model for personality. Berlin: Springer Science Business Media. Ickes, W., Knowles, E. S. (Eds.). (2012).Personality, roles, and social behavior. Berlin: Springer Science Business Media. Kim, T. Y., Hon, A. H., Lee, D. R. (2010). Proactive personality and employee creativity: The effects of job creativity requirement and supervisor support for creativity.Creativity Research Journal,22(1), 37-45. Korsgaard, M. A., Meglino, B. M., Lester, S. W., Jeong, S. S. (2010). Paying you back or paying me forward: understanding rewarded and unrewarded organizational citizenship behavior.Journal of Applied Psychology,95(2), 277. Lewin, K. (2013).A dynamic theory of personality-selected papers. Worcestershire: Read Books Ltd. Li, N., Liang, J., Crant, J. M. (2010). The role of proactive personality in job satisfaction and organizational citizenship behavior: a relational perspective.Journal of applied psychology,95(2), 395. McCleskey, J. A. (2014). Situational, transformational, and transactional leadership and leadership development.Journal of Business Studies Quarterly,5(4), 117. McLeod, S. (2016). Bandura - Social Learning Theory. Retrieved from https://www.simplypsychology.org/bandura.html McLeod, S. (2017). Theory of Personality. Retrieved from https://www.simplypsychology.org/personality-theories.html McWilliams, N. (2011). psychology diagnosis: Understanding personality structure in the clinical process. New York City: Guilford Press. Ryckman, R. M. (2012).Theories of personality. Boston: Cengage Learning. Selfhout, M., Burk, W., Branje, S., Denissen, J., Van Aken, M., Meeus, W. (2010). Emerging late adolescent friendship networks and Big Five personality traits: A social network approach.Journal of personality,78(2), 509-538.